racemic compound

简明释义

外消旋化合物

英英释义

例句

1.The synthesis of racemic compounds can lead to challenges in pharmaceutical development.

合成外消旋化合物可能会给药物开发带来挑战。

2.Scientists often separate racemic compounds into their individual enantiomers for better efficacy.

科学家们常常将外消旋化合物分离成各自的对映体，以提高疗效。

3.The drug was found to be a racemic compound, which means it contains equal amounts of both enantiomers.

这药物被发现是一个外消旋化合物，这意味着它含有相等数量的两种对映体。

4.In chiral resolution, chemists aim to convert racemic compounds into pure enantiomers.

在手性分离中，化学家们的目标是将外消旋化合物转化为纯对映体。

5.The racemic compound of the new medication showed different side effects than its individual enantiomers.

新药的外消旋化合物表现出的副作用与其各个对映体不同。

作文

In the field of chemistry, understanding the concept of a racemic compound is crucial for both students and professionals. A racemic compound is a chemical mixture that contains equal amounts of two enantiomers, which are molecules that are mirror images of each other. This property is significant because it affects how these compounds interact with biological systems, particularly in pharmaceuticals. To delve deeper into this topic, let's consider how racemic compounds are formed. They often arise during chemical reactions that produce chiral molecules. Chirality refers to the property of a molecule that makes it non-superimposable on its mirror image. For instance, if you imagine your left and right hands, they are chiral because no matter how you rotate them, one cannot become the other. When a chiral molecule is synthesized, it can produce two enantiomers—one that rotates polarized light in a clockwise direction (dextrorotatory) and another that rotates it counterclockwise (levorotatory). When both forms are produced in equal amounts, they form a racemic compound.The significance of racemic compounds extends beyond mere chemistry; it has profound implications in medicine. Many drugs are chiral, meaning that one enantiomer may be therapeutically active while the other could be inactive or even harmful. A classic example is the drug thalidomide, which was used in the late 1950s and early 1960s to treat morning sickness in pregnant women. One enantiomer of thalidomide was effective in alleviating symptoms, while the other caused severe birth defects. This tragic outcome highlighted the importance of understanding racemic compounds in drug development and regulation.Moreover, the separation of enantiomers from racemic compounds is an essential aspect of modern pharmacology. Techniques such as chiral resolution, which involves the use of chiral agents to separate enantiomers, are employed to isolate the desired form of a drug. This process not only enhances the efficacy of medications but also minimizes potential side effects, making treatments safer for patients.In addition to their relevance in pharmaceuticals, racemic compounds are also important in the field of food science and flavoring. Many natural flavors and fragrances are chiral, and their enantiomers can produce vastly different sensory experiences. For example, the smell of one enantiomer of limonene resembles that of oranges, while its mirror image smells like lemons. Understanding racemic compounds allows food scientists to manipulate these flavors to create desired products.In conclusion, the study of racemic compounds is an integral part of chemistry that has far-reaching implications across various fields, including medicine, food science, and environmental chemistry. By recognizing the importance of chirality and the nature of racemic compounds, we can better appreciate the complexities of molecular interactions and their applications in our daily lives. As research continues to evolve, the knowledge gained from studying racemic compounds will undoubtedly lead to more advanced and effective solutions in numerous scientific domains.

在化学领域，理解“racemic compound”的概念对学生和专业人士来说至关重要。“racemic compound”是指一种化学混合物，其中包含两种对映体的等量，这些分子是彼此的镜像。这个特性非常重要，因为它影响这些化合物与生物系统的相互作用，特别是在药物方面。为了更深入地探讨这个主题，让我们考虑一下“racemic compounds”是如何形成的。它们通常是在产生手性分子的化学反应过程中产生的。手性是指一种分子的特性，使其无法与其镜像重叠。例如，如果你想象你的左手和右手，它们是手性的，因为无论你如何旋转它们，一个都无法变成另一个。当合成手性分子时，可以产生两个对映体，一个以顺时针方向旋转偏振光（右旋），另一个则以逆时针方向旋转（左旋）。当两种形式以相等的量产生时，它们形成了一个“racemic compound”。“racemic compounds”的重要性不仅限于化学；它在医学上也有深远的影响。许多药物是手性的，这意味着一个对映体可能具有治疗活性，而另一个可能无效甚至有害。一个经典的例子是沙利度胺，这种药物在20世纪50年代末和60年代初用于治疗孕妇的晨吐。沙利度胺的一个对映体有效缓解症状，而另一个则导致严重的出生缺陷。这一悲惨的结果突显了在药物开发和监管中理解“racemic compounds”的重要性。此外，从“racemic compounds”中分离对映体是现代药理学的一个重要方面。诸如手性分离等技术涉及使用手性试剂来分离对映体，这些技术被用来提取所需的药物形式。这个过程不仅提高了药物的疗效，还最小化了潜在的副作用，使治疗对患者更加安全。除了在药物中的相关性外，“racemic compounds”在食品科学和调味领域也很重要。许多天然香料和香气是手性的，它们的对映体可以产生截然不同的感官体验。例如，一个对映体的柠檬烯的气味类似于橙子，而其镜像闻起来像柠檬。理解“racemic compounds”使食品科学家能够操控这些风味，以创造所需的产品。总之，研究“racemic compounds”是化学的一个重要组成部分，对包括医学、食品科学和环境化学在内的多个领域有着深远的影响。通过认识手性的重要性和“racemic compounds”的特性，我们可以更好地欣赏分子相互作用的复杂性及其在我们日常生活中的应用。随着研究的不断发展，从研究“racemic compounds”中获得的知识无疑将导致在众多科学领域中更先进和有效的解决方案。