pyruvic acid

简明释义

丙酮酸

英英释义

例句

1.Researchers are studying the role of pyruvic acid in metabolic pathways to understand energy production.

研究人员正在研究丙酮酸在代谢途径中的作用，以了解能量生产。

2.In the absence of oxygen, cells convert pyruvic acid into lactic acid through fermentation.

在缺氧的情况下，细胞通过发酵将丙酮酸转化为乳酸。

3.During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid, which is crucial for cellular respiration.

在糖酵解过程中，葡萄糖被分解为两分子的丙酮酸，这对细胞呼吸至关重要。

4.When pyruvic acid enters the mitochondria, it is converted into acetyl-CoA for the Krebs cycle.

当丙酮酸进入线粒体时，它被转化为乙酰辅酶A，用于克雷布斯循环。

5.The accumulation of pyruvic acid in muscle cells can lead to fatigue during intense exercise.

在剧烈运动期间，肌肉细胞中丙酮酸的积累可能导致疲劳。

作文

Pyruvic acid, known scientifically as 2-oxopropanoic acid, is a key intermediate in several metabolic pathways throughout the body. It plays a crucial role in cellular respiration and energy production. When glucose is broken down through the process of glycolysis, it is eventually converted into pyruvic acid (丙酮酸), which can then be further processed to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell. This transformation is essential for maintaining the energy balance in living organisms.In aerobic conditions, pyruvic acid (丙酮酸) enters the mitochondria where it undergoes decarboxylation to form acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle). This cycle is fundamental for the aerobic production of ATP, as it generates high-energy electron carriers that are used in the electron transport chain to produce even more ATP. Thus, pyruvic acid (丙酮酸) is not only a product of glycolysis but also a vital precursor for various metabolic processes.On the other hand, under anaerobic conditions, when oxygen is scarce, pyruvic acid (丙酮酸) can be converted into lactate in animals or ethanol in yeast through fermentation. This conversion allows for the regeneration of NAD+, which is necessary for glycolysis to continue, thus enabling cells to produce energy even in low-oxygen environments. This pathway is particularly important in muscle cells during intense exercise, where oxygen supply may not meet the demand, leading to the accumulation of pyruvic acid (丙酮酸) and its subsequent conversion to lactate.The significance of pyruvic acid (丙酮酸) extends beyond energy production. It is also involved in amino acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis, a process where glucose is synthesized from non-carbohydrate sources. The versatility of pyruvic acid (丙酮酸) highlights its importance in metabolism and cellular function.Moreover, research has shown that alterations in pyruvic acid (丙酮酸) levels can be indicative of various health conditions. For instance, elevated levels of pyruvic acid (丙酮酸) in the blood can suggest issues with glucose metabolism, such as diabetes or metabolic syndrome. Conversely, low levels might indicate a problem with mitochondrial function or energy production in cells.In conclusion, pyruvic acid (丙酮酸) is a vital compound in biochemistry, serving as a central hub in the metabolic network. Its roles in energy production, fermentation, and metabolic pathways underscore its importance in maintaining cellular health and function. Understanding pyruvic acid (丙酮酸) not only enriches our knowledge of cellular metabolism but also opens avenues for exploring its implications in health and disease management.

丙酮酸，科学上称为2-氧丙酸，是体内多种代谢途径中的一个关键中间产物。它在细胞呼吸和能量生产中发挥着至关重要的作用。当葡萄糖通过糖酵解过程分解时，最终会转化为丙酮酸（pyruvic acid），然后可以进一步处理以产生ATP，即细胞的能量货币。这一转化对于维持生物体的能量平衡至关重要。在有氧条件下，丙酮酸（pyruvic acid）进入线粒体，在那里经历脱羧反应形成乙酰辅酶A，然后进入柠檬酸循环（克雷布斯循环）。该循环是有氧ATP生产的基础，因为它生成高能电子载体，这些载体用于电子传递链以产生更多的ATP。因此，丙酮酸（pyruvic acid）不仅是糖酵解的产物，也是各种代谢过程的重要前体。另一方面，在缺氧条件下，当氧气稀缺时，丙酮酸（pyruvic acid）可以在动物体内转化为乳酸，或在酵母中通过发酵转化为乙醇。这一转化允许NAD+的再生，而NAD+是糖酵解继续进行所必需的，从而使细胞能够在低氧环境中产生能量。这一途径在剧烈运动期间尤其重要，因为此时氧气供应可能无法满足需求，导致丙酮酸（pyruvic acid）的积累及其随后的乳酸转化。丙酮酸（pyruvic acid）的重要性不仅限于能量生产。它还参与氨基酸合成和糖异生，即从非碳水化合物来源合成葡萄糖的过程。丙酮酸（pyruvic acid）的多功能性突显了它在代谢和细胞功能中的重要性。此外，研究表明，丙酮酸（pyruvic acid）水平的变化可能表明各种健康状况。例如，血液中丙酮酸（pyruvic acid）水平升高可能暗示葡萄糖代谢存在问题，如糖尿病或代谢综合症。相反，低水平可能表明线粒体功能或细胞能量生产存在问题。总之，丙酮酸（pyruvic acid）是生物化学中的重要化合物，作为代谢网络中的中心枢纽。它在能量生产、发酵和代谢途径中的作用突显了它在维持细胞健康和功能方面的重要性。理解丙酮酸（pyruvic acid）不仅丰富了我们对细胞代谢的知识，还为探索其在健康和疾病管理中的影响开辟了新途径。