proportional limit

简明释义

比例极限

英英释义

例句

1.The proportional limit of this alloy is significantly higher than that of its competitors.

这种合金的比例极限明显高于其竞争对手。

2.Understanding the proportional limit is crucial for designing safe structures.

理解比例极限对设计安全结构至关重要。

3.When analyzing materials, we often refer to the proportional limit to determine their elasticity.

在分析材料时，我们通常参考比例极限来确定它们的弹性。

4.In tensile testing, the proportional limit indicates the maximum stress that can be applied without permanent deformation.

在拉伸测试中，比例极限表示可以施加而不产生永久变形的最大应力。

5.The engineer calculated the proportional limit to ensure the material would not deform under stress.

工程师计算了比例极限以确保材料在应力下不会变形。

作文

In the field of materials science and engineering, understanding the behavior of materials under stress is crucial for designing safe and effective structures. One important concept in this realm is the proportional limit, which refers to the maximum stress that a material can withstand while still behaving elastically. Beyond this limit, the material begins to experience plastic deformation, meaning it will not return to its original shape when the load is removed. This concept is essential for engineers who must ensure that the materials they use in construction can handle the expected loads without permanent deformation.The proportional limit is often determined through tensile testing, where a sample of the material is pulled until it breaks. During this test, the relationship between stress (force per unit area) and strain (deformation) is plotted on a graph. The initial linear portion of this graph represents the elastic region of the material, where it follows Hooke's Law. The point at which this linear relationship ends is known as the proportional limit. It is significant because it marks the transition from elastic behavior to plastic behavior.Understanding the proportional limit is not only vital for ensuring safety but also for optimizing material usage. Engineers aim to select materials that can sustain high stresses without exceeding their proportional limit. This selection process involves considering factors such as the material's yield strength, tensile strength, and the specific application requirements. For instance, in aerospace engineering, materials must be lightweight yet strong enough to endure the extreme forces experienced during flight. Knowing the proportional limit helps engineers make informed decisions about which materials to use and how to design components that will perform reliably under various conditions.Moreover, the proportional limit plays a crucial role in failure analysis. When a structure fails, understanding the stresses involved can help engineers determine whether the failure was due to exceeding the proportional limit of the materials used. This knowledge can lead to improvements in material selection and design practices, ultimately enhancing the safety and longevity of structures.In conclusion, the proportional limit is a fundamental concept in materials science that has significant implications for engineering and design. By understanding this limit, engineers can ensure that their structures remain within safe operational parameters, thus preventing catastrophic failures. As technology advances and new materials are developed, the importance of accurately determining the proportional limit will only continue to grow, making it an essential topic of study for future engineers and scientists. The ability to predict and manage material behavior under stress is key to innovation in engineering, leading to safer, more efficient designs across various industries.

在材料科学和工程领域，理解材料在应力下的行为对于设计安全有效的结构至关重要。一个重要的概念是比例极限，它指的是材料在仍然表现出弹性时能够承受的最大应力。超出此极限，材料将开始经历塑性变形，这意味着当负载被移除时，它不会恢复到原来的形状。这个概念对于工程师来说是必不可少的，他们必须确保所使用的材料在预期负载下不会发生永久变形。比例极限通常通过拉伸测试来确定，在该测试中，材料样本被拉伸直到断裂。在这个测试中，施加的应力（单位面积上的力）与应变（变形）之间的关系在图表上绘制出来。该图表的初始线性部分代表材料的弹性区域，在该区域内遵循胡克定律。这个线性关系结束的点被称为比例极限。它的重要性在于它标志着从弹性行为到塑性行为的转变。理解比例极限不仅对确保安全至关重要，而且对优化材料使用也很重要。工程师们旨在选择能够承受高应力而不超过其比例极限的材料。这个选择过程涉及考虑材料的屈服强度、抗拉强度和特定应用要求。例如，在航空航天工程中，材料必须轻便且足够坚固，以承受飞行过程中经历的极端力量。了解比例极限可以帮助工程师做出明智的决策，选择哪些材料以及如何设计在各种条件下可靠运行的部件。此外，比例极限在失效分析中也起着关键作用。当结构发生故障时，了解涉及的应力可以帮助工程师确定故障是否由于超过了所用材料的比例极限。这一知识可以导致材料选择和设计实践的改进，最终增强结构的安全性和耐用性。总之，比例极限是材料科学中的一个基本概念，对工程和设计具有重要意义。通过理解这一极限，工程师可以确保他们的结构保持在安全的操作参数内，从而防止灾难性的故障。随着技术的发展和新材料的开发，准确确定比例极限的重要性将只会继续增长，使其成为未来工程师和科学家必须研究的主题。预测和管理材料在应力下的行为的能力是工程创新的关键，导致各行业更安全、更高效的设计。