primitive cell

简明释义

初基胞

英英释义

例句

1.The symmetry of the primitive cell can impact the physical properties of the material.

原始晶胞的对称性会影响材料的物理特性。

2.To calculate the density of a crystal, you need to know the volume of the primitive cell.

要计算晶体的密度，您需要知道原始晶胞的体积。

3.The primitive cell can be defined in various ways depending on the crystal system.

原始晶胞的定义可以根据晶体系统的不同而有所不同。

4.When modeling crystal structures, scientists often start with the primitive cell.

在建模晶体结构时，科学家通常从原始晶胞开始。

5.In crystallography, the smallest repeating unit of a crystal lattice is known as a primitive cell.

在晶体学中，晶体晶格的最小重复单元被称为原始晶胞。

作文

In the study of crystallography, the concept of a primitive cell is fundamental to understanding the arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice. A primitive cell is defined as the smallest repeating unit that can completely describe the symmetry and structure of the entire crystal. This means that if you were to replicate the primitive cell in three-dimensional space, you would be able to reconstruct the entire crystal lattice without any gaps or overlaps. The significance of the primitive cell lies in its ability to simplify complex crystal structures. For instance, many minerals and metals exhibit intricate arrangements of atoms that can be overwhelming at first glance. By identifying the primitive cell, scientists can focus on a manageable portion of the crystal that retains all the necessary information about the overall structure. This approach not only aids in theoretical studies but also has practical applications in materials science, where understanding atomic arrangements is crucial for developing new materials with specific properties.Different types of primitive cells exist, depending on the symmetry and dimensions of the crystal. The most common types include cubic, tetragonal, orthorhombic, hexagonal, rhombohedral, and monoclinic cells. Each type has its unique characteristics and is suitable for describing different crystalline materials. For example, the cubic primitive cell is often associated with metals such as copper and aluminum, while the hexagonal primitive cell is typical of materials like graphite and certain types of ice.Understanding the primitive cell also plays a vital role in determining the physical properties of materials. The arrangement of atoms within the primitive cell affects how the material interacts with light, heat, and electricity. For instance, the electronic properties of semiconductors are heavily influenced by their crystal structure, which can be analyzed through the lens of the primitive cell. By manipulating the atomic arrangement within the primitive cell, researchers can engineer materials with desired electrical and optical properties.Moreover, the concept of the primitive cell extends beyond just theoretical applications; it is also essential in various fields such as solid-state physics and chemistry. In solid-state physics, the behavior of electrons in a crystal can be understood better by analyzing the primitive cell and its corresponding Brillouin zone, which describes the allowed energy levels for electrons in the crystal lattice. In chemistry, the primitive cell can help predict how molecules will interact based on their spatial arrangement in a solid.In conclusion, the primitive cell is a crucial concept in the field of crystallography that serves as a building block for understanding the complex structures of crystals. Its ability to encapsulate the essential features of a crystal lattice allows scientists and researchers to explore the properties and behaviors of materials more effectively. As we continue to advance in materials science and engineering, the importance of the primitive cell will undoubtedly grow, paving the way for innovative discoveries and technological advancements in various industries.

在晶体学研究中，原始晶胞的概念对于理解晶体晶格中原子的排列至关重要。原始晶胞被定义为能够完全描述整个晶体的对称性和结构的最小重复单元。这意味着如果你在三维空间中复制原始晶胞，你将能够重建整个晶体晶格，而没有任何空隙或重叠。原始晶胞的重要性在于它能够简化复杂的晶体结构。例如，许多矿物和金属表现出错综复杂的原子排列，这在初次观察时可能会令人感到不知所措。通过识别原始晶胞，科学家可以专注于一个可管理的晶体部分，该部分保留了关于整体结构的所有必要信息。这种方法不仅有助于理论研究，还有助于材料科学中的实际应用，在那里理解原子排列对于开发具有特定性质的新材料至关重要。根据晶体的对称性和维度，存在不同类型的原始晶胞。最常见的类型包括立方、四方、正交、六方、菱形和单斜晶胞。每种类型都有其独特的特征，适合描述不同的晶体材料。例如，立方原始晶胞通常与铜和铝等金属相关，而六方原始晶胞则是石墨和某些类型冰的典型特征。理解原始晶胞在确定材料的物理性质方面也起着至关重要的作用。原始晶胞内原子的排列影响材料如何与光、热和电相互作用。例如，半导体的电子特性在很大程度上受到其晶体结构的影响，这可以通过原始晶胞的视角进行分析。通过操纵原始晶胞内的原子排列，研究人员可以设计出具有所需电气和光学特性的材料。此外，原始晶胞的概念不仅限于理论应用；它在固态物理学和化学等各个领域中也至关重要。在固态物理学中，通过分析原始晶胞及其对应的布里渊区（描述晶体晶格中电子的允许能级），可以更好地理解晶体中电子的行为。在化学中，原始晶胞可以帮助预测分子基于其在固体中的空间排列如何相互作用。总之，原始晶胞是晶体学领域中的一个关键概念，作为理解晶体复杂结构的构建块。它能够封装晶体晶格的基本特征，使科学家和研究人员能够更有效地探索材料的性质和行为。随着我们在材料科学和工程领域的不断进步，原始晶胞的重要性无疑将会增长，为各个行业的创新发现和技术进步铺平道路。