partial pressure

简明释义

分压

英英释义

例句

1.To calculate the partial pressure of a gas, you can use Dalton's Law.

要计算某种气体的分压，可以使用道尔顿定律。

2.The partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere is about 21% at sea level.

在海平面，大气中氧气的分压约为21%。

3.The partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases during exercise due to increased metabolic activity.

由于代谢活动增加，运动期间二氧化碳的分压会增加。

4.At high altitudes, the partial pressure of oxygen decreases, which can lead to altitude sickness.

在高海拔地区，氧气的分压降低，这可能导致高原反应。

5.In a mixture of gases, each gas contributes to the total pressure according to its partial pressure.

在气体混合物中，每种气体根据其分压对总压力做出贡献。

作文

Understanding the concept of partial pressure is essential in the field of chemistry and physics. The term refers to the pressure exerted by a single component of a mixture of gases. Each gas in a mixture contributes to the total pressure, and the partial pressure of each gas can be calculated using Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures. This law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas present in the mixture. For example, consider a container filled with three different gases: oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. If the total pressure inside the container is 1 atmosphere (atm), and the partial pressure of oxygen is 0.3 atm, the partial pressure of nitrogen is 0.7 atm, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is negligible, we can see how each gas contributes to the overall pressure. The sum of the partial pressures (0.3 atm + 0.7 atm + 0 atm) equals the total pressure of 1 atm.The significance of partial pressure extends beyond simple calculations; it plays a crucial role in various scientific applications. For instance, in respiratory physiology, understanding the partial pressures of gases in the lungs helps us comprehend how oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream and how carbon dioxide is expelled. The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli must be higher than that in the blood for oxygen to diffuse into the blood effectively. Conversely, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood must be higher than in the alveoli for carbon dioxide to diffuse out.In addition, partial pressure is vital in chemical reactions involving gases. The rate of reaction can depend on the partial pressures of the reactants. For example, in the Haber process for synthesizing ammonia, the partial pressures of nitrogen and hydrogen gases influence the yield of ammonia produced. By manipulating these partial pressures, chemists can optimize the reaction conditions to maximize production.Furthermore, partial pressure is also important in environmental science. Understanding the partial pressures of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere helps scientists evaluate their impact on climate change. The partial pressures of gases like carbon dioxide and methane are critical in calculating their global warming potential and developing strategies to mitigate climate change effects.In conclusion, the concept of partial pressure is fundamental in various scientific disciplines. It not only aids in understanding gas behavior in mixtures but also has practical implications in fields such as medicine, chemistry, and environmental science. By grasping the principles behind partial pressure, students and professionals alike can better appreciate the complexities of gas interactions and their real-world applications.

理解部分压力的概念在化学和物理学领域至关重要。这个术语指的是混合气体中单一组分所施加的压力。混合物中的每种气体都会对总压力产生贡献，而每种气体的部分压力可以通过道尔顿的部分压力定律计算得出。该定律指出，气体混合物的总压力等于混合物中每种气体的部分压力之和。例如，考虑一个装有三种不同气体的容器：氧气、氮气和二氧化碳。如果容器内部的总压力为1个大气压（atm），而氧气的部分压力为0.3 atm，氮气的部分压力为0.7 atm，而二氧化碳的部分压力可以忽略不计，那么我们可以看到每种气体如何对整体压力产生贡献。各个气体的部分压力之和（0.3 atm + 0.7 atm + 0 atm）等于1 atm的总压力。部分压力的重要性不仅限于简单的计算；它在各种科学应用中发挥着至关重要的作用。例如，在呼吸生理学中，理解肺部气体的部分压力帮助我们理解氧气如何被吸收到血液中以及二氧化碳如何被排出。肺泡中氧气的部分压力必须高于血液中的部分压力，才能有效地将氧气扩散到血液中。相反，血液中二氧化碳的部分压力必须高于肺泡中的部分压力，才能使二氧化碳扩散出去。此外，部分压力在涉及气体的化学反应中也至关重要。反应速率可能依赖于反应物的部分压力。例如，在合成氨的哈伯法过程中，氮气和氢气的部分压力会影响所生成氨的产量。通过操控这些部分压力，化学家可以优化反应条件，以最大化产量。此外，部分压力在环境科学中也很重要。理解大气中温室气体的部分压力有助于科学家评估其对气候变化的影响。二氧化碳和甲烷等气体的部分压力对于计算其全球变暖潜力以及制定减缓气候变化影响的策略至关重要。总之，部分压力的概念在各个科学学科中都是基础性的。它不仅有助于理解气体在混合物中的行为，还在医学、化学和环境科学等领域具有实际意义。通过掌握部分压力背后的原理，学生和专业人士可以更好地理解气体相互作用的复杂性及其现实应用。