partial molar quantity

简明释义

偏摩尔数量

英英释义

例句

1.In thermodynamics, the partial molar quantity is crucial for understanding the properties of solutions.

在热力学中，偏摩尔量对于理解溶液的性质至关重要。

2.Calculating the partial molar quantity allows chemists to determine the energy changes during a reaction.

计算偏摩尔量使化学家能够确定反应过程中的能量变化。

3.The partial molar quantity of water in a saline solution affects its boiling point.

盐水溶液中水的偏摩尔量影响其沸点。

4.When mixing two gases, the partial molar quantity helps in calculating the total pressure exerted.

在混合两种气体时，偏摩尔量有助于计算施加的总压力。

5.The partial molar quantity of a component in a mixture can help predict how the component behaves under different conditions.

混合物中组分的偏摩尔量可以帮助预测该组分在不同条件下的行为。

作文

In the field of thermodynamics and physical chemistry, the concept of partial molar quantity plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of mixtures. A partial molar quantity refers to the contribution of a particular component in a mixture to some thermodynamic property, such as volume, enthalpy, or chemical potential, while keeping the amounts of other components constant. This concept allows scientists and engineers to analyze how different substances interact within a solution and how they affect the overall properties of that solution.For example, consider a simple mixture of two liquids, A and B. The total volume of this mixture can be expressed as the sum of the volumes contributed by each component. However, the volume that each component contributes is not always equal to its molar volume due to interactions between the molecules of A and B. Here, the partial molar quantity of component A would represent how much additional volume is contributed by A when a small amount of it is added to the mixture, while keeping the amount of B constant. This insight is invaluable for predicting how changes in composition will influence the properties of the mixture.The significance of partial molar quantities extends beyond just volume; they are also essential in calculating other thermodynamic properties. For instance, the partial molar enthalpy of a component in a solution helps in understanding how heat is absorbed or released during mixing. When two substances are combined, the heat exchange can vary depending on the nature of the components involved. By knowing the partial molar quantity of each component, researchers can predict whether the mixing process will be endothermic (absorbing heat) or exothermic (releasing heat).Moreover, partial molar quantities are fundamental in the study of chemical reactions occurring in solutions. In a reaction involving multiple reactants, the partial molar quantity of each reactant indicates how its concentration influences the reaction's progress and equilibrium state. This is particularly important in industrial applications where optimizing the yield of a product requires a deep understanding of how the components interact at the molecular level.In summary, the concept of partial molar quantity is vital for anyone working in the fields of chemistry and chemical engineering. It provides a framework for analyzing how individual components contribute to the properties of mixtures. By studying partial molar quantities, scientists can gain insights into the complex interactions that occur in solutions, enabling them to design better processes and materials. As we continue to explore the intricacies of chemical systems, the importance of understanding partial molar quantities cannot be overstated. It is a key element in the quest to unravel the mysteries of how different substances behave when combined, ultimately leading to advancements in various scientific and industrial fields.

在热力学和物理化学领域，偏摩尔量的概念在理解混合物的行为中起着至关重要的作用。偏摩尔量指的是在保持其他成分的数量不变的情况下，某一特定成分对某些热力学性质（如体积、焓或化学势）的贡献。这个概念使科学家和工程师能够分析不同物质在溶液中的相互作用以及它们如何影响该溶液的整体性质。例如，考虑一个简单的两种液体混合物A和B。这个混合物的总体积可以表示为每个成分所贡献的体积之和。然而，由于A和B分子之间的相互作用，每个成分所贡献的体积并不总是等于其摩尔体积。在这里，成分A的偏摩尔量将代表在保持B的量不变的情况下，向混合物中添加少量A时所贡献的额外体积。这一见解对于预测组成变化如何影响混合物的性质至关重要。偏摩尔量的重要性不仅仅局限于体积；它们在计算其他热力学性质时也至关重要。例如，溶液中某一成分的偏摩尔焓有助于理解混合过程中吸收或释放的热量。当两种物质结合时，热交换可能会根据参与成分的性质而有所不同。通过了解每个成分的偏摩尔量，研究人员可以预测混合过程是吸热（吸收热量）还是放热（释放热量）。此外，偏摩尔量在研究发生在溶液中的化学反应时也是基础。在涉及多个反应物的反应中，每个反应物的偏摩尔量表明其浓度如何影响反应的进展和化学平衡状态。这在工业应用中尤为重要，因为优化产品产量需要深入了解成分在分子层面的相互作用。总之，偏摩尔量的概念对于任何从事化学和化工领域的人来说都是至关重要的。它提供了一个框架，用于分析各个成分如何对混合物的性质做出贡献。通过研究偏摩尔量，科学家可以深入了解溶液中发生的复杂相互作用，使他们能够设计更好的工艺和材料。随着我们继续探索化学系统的复杂性，理解偏摩尔量的重要性不容小觑。它是揭开不同物质在结合时如何行为之谜的关键要素，最终推动各个科学和工业领域的进步。