measurement of molecular weight

简明释义

分子量测定

英英释义

例句

1.The measurement of molecular weight is crucial in determining the properties of a new drug compound.

对新药化合物的分子量测定在确定其性质时至关重要。

2.In food science, the measurement of molecular weight of additives ensures safety and compliance.

在食品科学中，添加剂的分子量测定确保安全和合规。

3.The measurement of molecular weight can reveal the purity of a sample.

对样品的分子量测定可以揭示其纯度。

4.Accurate measurement of molecular weight helps in predicting the behavior of polymers.

准确的分子量测定有助于预测聚合物的行为。

5.Scientists often use mass spectrometry for the measurement of molecular weight in biochemical research.

科学家们常常使用质谱法进行生化研究中的分子量测定。

作文

The field of chemistry is vast and complex, encompassing various concepts that are essential for understanding the behavior of matter. One of the fundamental aspects of chemistry is the study of molecules, which are the building blocks of all substances. To comprehend the properties and reactions of these molecules, scientists often need to determine their molecular weight. The measurement of molecular weight (分子量的测定) is a crucial process in both academic research and industrial applications. This essay will explore the significance of measuring molecular weight, the methods used for this purpose, and its implications in various fields.Molecular weight, defined as the mass of a molecule expressed in atomic mass units (amu), plays a vital role in stoichiometry, the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. Understanding molecular weight allows chemists to predict how much of a substance is required to react with another substance, which is essential in formulating chemical equations and conducting experiments. Additionally, knowing the measurement of molecular weight (分子量的测定) helps in the preparation of solutions with precise concentrations, crucial for accurate scientific investigations.There are several methods available for the measurement of molecular weight (分子量的测定), each with its advantages and limitations. One common technique is mass spectrometry, which involves ionizing chemical species and sorting the ions based on their mass-to-charge ratios. This method provides highly accurate measurements and can analyze complex mixtures of compounds. Another widely used approach is gel permeation chromatography (GPC), which separates molecules based on their size as they pass through a porous gel. GPC is particularly useful for analyzing polymers, as it provides information about the molecular weight distribution within a sample.In addition to these techniques, the measurement of molecular weight (分子量的测定) can also be performed using methods like freezing point depression and boiling point elevation, which rely on colligative properties. These methods are particularly advantageous when dealing with large biomolecules or when other techniques are not feasible. Regardless of the method employed, accurate measurement is essential, as errors in determining molecular weight can lead to incorrect conclusions in research and product development.The implications of accurately measuring molecular weight extend beyond the laboratory. In pharmaceuticals, for instance, the molecular weight of drug compounds influences their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body. A precise measurement of molecular weight (分子量的测定) ensures that medication dosages are safe and effective, ultimately impacting patient health outcomes. Furthermore, in materials science, understanding the molecular weight of polymers can dictate their physical properties, such as strength, flexibility, and thermal stability, which are critical for developing new materials for various applications.Moreover, the significance of the measurement of molecular weight (分子量的测定) is evident in environmental science as well. Tracking pollutants and understanding their molecular weights can help assess their behavior in ecosystems, including their bioavailability and toxicity. This knowledge is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate environmental impacts and protect public health.In conclusion, the measurement of molecular weight (分子量的测定) is a fundamental aspect of chemistry that has far-reaching implications across multiple disciplines. By employing various techniques to accurately determine molecular weight, scientists can enhance their understanding of molecular behavior, improve the efficacy of drugs, develop advanced materials, and address environmental challenges. As research continues to evolve, the importance of this measurement will undoubtedly remain a cornerstone of scientific inquiry and innovation.

化学领域广泛而复杂，涵盖了理解物质行为所必需的各种概念。化学的一个基本方面是分子的研究，分子是所有物质的构建块。为了理解这些分子的性质和反应，科学家们通常需要确定它们的分子量。分子量的测定是学术研究和工业应用中至关重要的过程。本文将探讨测量分子量的重要性、用于此目的的方法及其在各个领域的影响。分子量被定义为以原子质量单位（amu）表示的分子的质量，在化学反应中，分子量在计量学中扮演着重要角色，计量学是处理反应物和产品之间定量关系的化学分支。了解分子量使化学家能够预测与另一种物质反应所需的物质量，这对于制定化学方程式和进行实验至关重要。此外，知道分子量的测定有助于制备具有精确浓度的溶液，这对于准确的科学研究至关重要。用于分子量的测定的方法有多种，每种方法都有其优缺点。一种常见的技术是质谱法，该方法涉及离子化化学物质并根据其质荷比对离子进行排序。这种方法提供了高度准确的测量，并可以分析复杂的化合物混合物。另一种广泛使用的方法是凝胶渗透色谱（GPC），该方法根据分子在多孔凝胶中通过时的大小对其进行分离。GPC在分析聚合物时特别有用，因为它提供了关于样品中分子量分布的信息。除了这些技术外，分子量的测定还可以通过冷冻点降低和沸点升高等方法进行，这些方法依赖于依赖于物质的相对性质。这些方法在处理大型生物分子或其他技术不可行时尤其有利。无论采用何种方法，准确的测量都是至关重要的，因为在确定分子量时的错误可能导致研究和产品开发中的错误结论。准确测量分子量的意义超越了实验室。在制药行业中，药物化合物的分子量影响其在体内的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄。精确的分子量的测定确保药物剂量安全有效，最终影响患者健康结果。此外，在材料科学中，了解聚合物的分子量可以决定其物理特性，如强度、柔韧性和热稳定性，这对于开发新材料以满足各种应用至关重要。此外，分子量的测定的重要性在环境科学中也显而易见。跟踪污染物并了解其分子量可以帮助评估其在生态系统中的行为，包括其生物可利用性和毒性。这一知识对于制定减轻环境影响和保护公共健康的策略至关重要。总之，分子量的测定是化学的一个基本方面，对多个学科具有深远的影响。通过采用各种技术准确确定分子量，科学家可以增强对分子行为的理解，提高药物的有效性，开发先进材料以及应对环境挑战。随着研究的不断发展，这一测量的重要性无疑将继续成为科学探索和创新的基石。