mean free path

简明释义

平均自由程

英英释义

例句

1.The concept of mean free path is essential in the study of kinetic theory.

在动理论研究中，平均自由程的概念是必不可少的。

2.The mean free path of air molecules at room temperature is approximately 68 nanometers.

室温下空气分子的平均自由程大约为68纳米。

3.In plasma physics, the mean free path is crucial for understanding particle interactions.

在等离子体物理中，平均自由程对于理解粒子相互作用至关重要。

4.In a gas, the average distance a molecule travels between collisions is known as its mean free path.

在气体中，分子在碰撞之间平均行驶的距离被称为平均自由程。

5.Understanding the mean free path can help in predicting how gases behave under different pressures.

理解平均自由程可以帮助预测气体在不同压力下的行为。

作文

The concept of mean free path is fundamental in the field of physics, particularly in the study of gases and particle dynamics. It refers to the average distance a particle travels between collisions with other particles. Understanding this concept is crucial for various applications, from predicting gas behavior in thermodynamics to designing efficient systems in engineering.In a gas, molecules are constantly in motion, colliding with one another and with the walls of their container. The mean free path provides insight into how frequently these collisions occur. For instance, at higher temperatures, gas molecules move faster, which can lead to a shorter mean free path due to the increased likelihood of collisions. Conversely, at lower temperatures, the reduced speed of molecules results in a longer mean free path as they travel further before encountering another molecule.The mean free path is influenced by several factors, including the density of the gas and the size of the molecules involved. A denser gas will have a shorter mean free path because the molecules are packed closer together, increasing the chances of collisions. Similarly, larger molecules occupy more space, leading to a reduced mean free path as they obstruct the paths of neighboring particles.In practical terms, the mean free path is essential in fields such as aerodynamics and astrophysics. For example, in aerodynamics, understanding the mean free path helps engineers design aircraft that can efficiently navigate through air, taking into account how air molecules interact with the aircraft's surface. In astrophysics, the mean free path is vital for understanding how light interacts with particles in space, affecting our observations of distant celestial bodies.Moreover, the mean free path plays a critical role in determining the transport properties of materials. For instance, in semiconductor physics, the mean free path of charge carriers influences the electrical conductivity of the material. A longer mean free path means that charge carriers can move more freely without scattering, leading to better conductivity.In summary, the concept of mean free path is not only a theoretical construct but also a practical tool used in various scientific and engineering disciplines. By understanding the average distance a particle travels before colliding with another, researchers and engineers can make informed decisions that enhance the performance and efficiency of systems across multiple domains. The implications of the mean free path extend beyond simple gas behavior; they touch upon the very fabric of how we understand and manipulate the physical world around us.

“均匀自由程”是物理学领域中的一个基本概念，尤其是在气体和粒子动力学的研究中。它指的是粒子在与其他粒子碰撞之间平均行进的距离。理解这个概念对于各种应用至关重要，从预测热力学中气体的行为到设计工程中的高效系统。在气体中，分子不断运动，相互碰撞以及与容器壁碰撞。“均匀自由程”提供了有关这些碰撞发生频率的见解。例如，在较高温度下，气体分子的运动速度更快，这可能导致由于碰撞的可能性增加而使“均匀自由程”变短。相反，在较低温度下，分子的运动速度降低，导致“均匀自由程”变长，因为它们在遇到另一分子之前可以行驶更远的距离。“均匀自由程”受多种因素的影响，包括气体的密度和参与的分子的大小。密度较大的气体将具有较短的“均匀自由程”，因为分子更紧密地聚集在一起，增加了碰撞的机会。同样，较大的分子占据更多空间，导致“均匀自由程”减少，因为它们阻碍了邻近粒子的路径。在实际应用中，“均匀自由程”在空气动力学和天体物理学等领域至关重要。例如，在空气动力学中，理解“均匀自由程”帮助工程师设计能够有效穿越空气的飞机，考虑到空气分子如何与飞机表面相互作用。在天体物理学中，“均匀自由程”对于理解光如何与太空中的粒子相互作用至关重要，这影响了我们对遥远天体的观测。此外，“均匀自由程”在确定材料的传输特性方面也发挥着关键作用。例如，在半导体物理学中，载流子的“均匀自由程”影响材料的电导率。较长的“均匀自由程”意味着载流子可以在不散射的情况下更自由地移动，从而提高导电性。总之，“均匀自由程”的概念不仅仅是一个理论构想，也是科学和工程学科中使用的实用工具。通过理解粒子在与另一粒子碰撞之前平均旅行的距离，研究人员和工程师可以做出明智的决策，从而提高多个领域系统的性能和效率。“均匀自由程”的影响超越了简单的气体行为，它触及我们理解和操纵周围物理世界的基本 fabric。