ketone group

简明释义

酮基

英英释义

例句

1.Many perfumes contain compounds with a ketone group 酮基 that contribute to their fragrance.

许多香水包含具有ketone group 酮基的化合物，这些化合物有助于其香气。

2.In organic chemistry, the ketone group 酮基 is often involved in nucleophilic addition reactions.

在有机化学中，ketone group 酮基通常参与亲核加成反应。

3.In the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, introducing a ketone group 酮基 can enhance biological activity.

在药物合成中，引入ketone group 酮基可以增强生物活性。

4.The presence of a ketone group 酮基 in the molecule indicates that it can undergo oxidation.

分子中存在一个ketone group 酮基，这表明它可以发生氧化反应。

5.The ketone group 酮基 can affect the boiling point of the compound significantly.

该化合物的ketone group 酮基可能会显著影响其沸点。

作文

The study of organic chemistry often introduces students to various functional groups that play crucial roles in the structure and reactivity of organic compounds. One such important functional group is the ketone group, which consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) flanked by two carbon atoms. This unique arrangement gives ketones their distinctive chemical properties and makes them essential in both biological systems and industrial applications.Ketones are characterized by their pleasant odors and are commonly found in many natural substances. For example, the ketone group is present in the sweet-smelling compound acetone, which is widely used as a solvent in laboratories and nail polish removers. In addition to their utility in everyday products, ketones also play significant roles in metabolic processes within living organisms. During periods of fasting or prolonged exercise, the body can convert fatty acids into ketone bodies, which serve as an alternative energy source for cells, particularly in the brain.Understanding the ketone group is not only important for students of chemistry but also for those in fields like biochemistry and pharmacology. Many drugs contain ketone functionalities, which can influence their biological activity and interaction with enzymes. For instance, the presence of a ketone group in certain pharmaceuticals can enhance their potency or alter their metabolism, making it vital for chemists to consider this functional group when designing new medications.In addition to their biological significance, ketones are also integral to various industrial processes. They are often used as solvents, intermediates in chemical synthesis, and precursors for producing other important chemicals. The production of ketones through oxidation reactions is a common practice in organic synthesis, showcasing the versatility of the ketone group in the laboratory.Moreover, the reactivity of the ketone group allows for a variety of chemical transformations. For example, ketones can undergo nucleophilic addition reactions, where nucleophiles attack the electrophilic carbon of the carbonyl group. This reaction is fundamental in creating alcohols and other derivatives, further emphasizing the importance of understanding the behavior of the ketone group in organic chemistry.In conclusion, the ketone group is a vital functional group that is prevalent in many organic compounds. Its presence influences the physical and chemical properties of these compounds, making it an essential topic of study in chemistry. From its role in metabolic processes to its applications in industry and pharmaceuticals, the ketone group showcases the intricate connections between chemical structure and function. As students and researchers continue to explore the world of organic chemistry, a solid understanding of the ketone group will undoubtedly prove beneficial in their academic and professional pursuits.

有机化学的研究常常向学生介绍各种功能团，这些功能团在有机化合物的结构和反应性中起着至关重要的作用。其中一个重要的功能团是酮基，它由一个羰基（C=O）夹在两个碳原子之间组成。这种独特的排列使得酮具有其独特的化学性质，并使其在生物系统和工业应用中至关重要。酮以其令人愉悦的气味为特征，通常在许多天然物质中发现。例如，酮基存在于甜美的化合物丙酮中，丙酮广泛用作实验室和指甲油去除剂中的溶剂。除了在日常产品中的用途外，酮在生物体内的代谢过程中也发挥着重要作用。在禁食或长时间锻炼期间，身体可以将脂肪酸转化为酮体，酮体作为细胞的替代能量来源，特别是在大脑中。理解酮基不仅对化学学生重要，而且对生物化学和药理学等领域的人士也是如此。许多药物含有酮功能团，这可能影响它们的生物活性和与酶的相互作用。例如，某些药物中酮基的存在可以增强其效力或改变其代谢，因此化学家在设计新药物时必须考虑这一功能团。除了其生物学意义外，酮在各种工业过程中也很重要。它们通常用作溶剂、化学合成中的中间体以及生产其他重要化学品的前体。通过氧化反应生产酮是有机合成中的常见做法，展示了酮基在实验室中的多功能性。此外，酮基的反应性允许多种化学转化。例如，酮可以经历亲核加成反应，其中亲核试剂攻击羰基的电正性碳。这一反应在生成醇和其他衍生物中是基础性的，进一步强调了理解酮基在有机化学中行为的重要性。总之，酮基是广泛存在于许多有机化合物中的重要功能团。它的存在影响这些化合物的物理和化学性质，使其成为化学研究的重要课题。从其在代谢过程中的作用到在工业和制药中的应用，酮基展示了化学结构与功能之间的复杂联系。随着学生和研究人员继续探索有机化学的世界，扎实理解酮基无疑将在他们的学术和职业追求中证明有益。