keto acid

简明释义

酮酸

英英释义

例句

1.High levels of keto acids can indicate metabolic disorders.

高水平的酮酸可能表明代谢障碍。

2.The body converts pyruvate into a type of keto acid during the process of gluconeogenesis.

在糖异生过程中，身体将丙酮酸转化为一种酮酸。

3.Some athletes use keto acid supplements to enhance performance.

一些运动员使用酮酸补充剂来提高表现。

4.In the Krebs cycle, keto acids play a crucial role in energy production.

在克雷布斯循环中，酮酸在能量生产中起着至关重要的作用。

5.Dietary restrictions can affect the concentration of keto acids in the bloodstream.

饮食限制会影响血液中酮酸的浓度。

作文

The term keto acid refers to a type of organic acid that contains both a ketone group and a carboxylic acid group. These compounds play crucial roles in various metabolic pathways within the body. For instance, one of the most well-known keto acids is pyruvic acid, which is a key intermediate in glucose metabolism. When glucose is broken down during glycolysis, it is converted into pyruvate, which can then be further transformed into keto acids under certain conditions. This transformation is essential for energy production, particularly during periods of intense physical activity or fasting.In addition to their role in energy metabolism, keto acids are also involved in amino acid synthesis and degradation. For example, the keto acid alpha-ketoglutarate is a critical component of the Krebs cycle, where it helps in the conversion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into energy. Furthermore, alpha-ketoglutarate serves as a precursor for the synthesis of glutamate, an important neurotransmitter in the brain. This highlights the interconnectedness of keto acids with both energy metabolism and neurological functions.Another significant keto acid is acetoacetate, which is produced during the breakdown of fatty acids. In states of prolonged fasting or low carbohydrate intake, the liver converts fatty acids into ketone bodies, including acetoacetate. These ketone bodies serve as an alternative energy source for tissues, especially the brain, when glucose availability is low. The presence of keto acids in the bloodstream can indicate a metabolic state known as ketosis, which has gained popularity due to its association with weight loss and improved mental clarity.Understanding keto acids is particularly relevant in the context of dietary practices such as the ketogenic diet. This high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet aims to shift the body's metabolism from relying on glucose to using fat as its primary fuel source. By significantly reducing carbohydrate intake, individuals can induce a state of ketosis, leading to increased production of keto acids like acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. Proponents of the ketogenic diet claim that this metabolic shift can lead to weight loss, enhanced energy levels, and even therapeutic benefits for certain medical conditions, including epilepsy and type 2 diabetes.However, it is important to approach the ketogenic diet with caution. While the production of keto acids can provide benefits, excessive accumulation of these acids can lead to a condition known as ketoacidosis, which is particularly dangerous for individuals with diabetes. Ketoacidosis occurs when there is a severe imbalance in the body's acid-base levels, leading to potentially life-threatening complications. Therefore, anyone considering a drastic dietary change should consult with a healthcare professional to ensure it is safe and appropriate for their individual health needs.In conclusion, keto acids are vital components of metabolic processes that influence energy production and various biochemical pathways. Their significance extends beyond mere energy metabolism, impacting amino acid synthesis, neurological function, and dietary practices. As research continues to uncover the complexities of keto acids, it becomes increasingly clear that they hold a pivotal role in both health and disease.

术语keto acid指的是一种有机酸，它同时包含酮基和羧酸基。这些化合物在体内的各种代谢途径中发挥着至关重要的作用。例如，最著名的keto acid之一是丙酮酸，它是葡萄糖代谢中的一个关键中间体。当葡萄糖在糖酵解过程中被分解时，它会转化为丙酮酸，这在某些条件下可以进一步转化为keto acids。这种转化对能量生产至关重要，特别是在剧烈运动或禁食期间。除了在能量代谢中的作用外，keto acids还参与氨基酸的合成和降解。例如，keto acidα-酮戊二酸是克雷布斯循环中的一个关键组成部分，在将碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质转化为能量的过程中发挥作用。此外，α-酮戊二酸还是谷氨酸的合成前体，谷氨酸是大脑中一种重要的神经递质。这突显了keto acids与能量代谢和神经功能之间的相互联系。另一个重要的keto acid是乙酰乙酸，它是在脂肪酸分解过程中产生的。在长期禁食或低碳水化合物摄入的情况下，肝脏将脂肪酸转化为酮体，包括乙酰乙酸。这些酮体在葡萄糖供应不足时，为组织，尤其是大脑提供替代能源。血液中keto acids的存在可能表明一种称为酮症的代谢状态，这种状态因其与减肥和改善心理清晰度的关联而受到欢迎。理解keto acids在饮食实践中尤为相关，例如生酮饮食。这种高脂肪、低碳水化合物的饮食旨在使身体的代谢从依赖葡萄糖转变为使用脂肪作为主要燃料来源。通过显著减少碳水化合物摄入，个人可以诱导酮症状态，从而增加keto acids（如乙酰乙酸和β-羟基丁酸）的产生。生酮饮食的支持者声称，这种代谢转变可以导致体重减轻、能量水平提高，甚至对某些医疗条件（包括癫痫和2型糖尿病）具有治疗益处。然而，谨慎对待生酮饮食是很重要的。虽然keto acids的产生可以带来好处，但这些酸的过度积累可能导致一种称为酮症酸中毒的情况，这对糖尿病患者尤其危险。酮症酸中毒发生在体内酸碱水平严重失衡时，可能导致生命危险的并发症。因此，任何考虑进行剧烈饮食变化的人都应该咨询医疗专业人员，以确保其安全性和适合个人健康需求。总之，keto acids是影响能量生产和各种生化途径的重要组成部分。它们的意义超越了单纯的能量代谢，影响着氨基酸合成、神经功能和饮食实践。随着研究继续揭示keto acids的复杂性，越来越明显的是，它们在健康和疾病中扮演着关键角色。