isothermal expansion

简明释义

等温膨胀

英英释义

例句

1.The efficiency of a Carnot engine is maximized when the working substance undergoes isothermal expansion 等温膨胀 at the high-temperature reservoir.

当工作物质在高温热源中经历isothermal expansion 等温膨胀时，卡诺发动机的效率最大化。

2.In thermodynamics, isothermal expansion 等温膨胀 is a key process in understanding heat engines.

在热力学中，isothermal expansion 等温膨胀是理解热机的关键过程。

3.When a piston moves outward slowly, it allows for isothermal expansion 等温膨胀 of the gas inside the cylinder.

当活塞缓慢向外移动时，它允许气缸内气体进行isothermal expansion 等温膨胀。

4.An example of isothermal expansion 等温膨胀 can be seen when a balloon is placed in warm water and expands without changing temperature.

一个isothermal expansion 等温膨胀的例子是，当气球放入温水中时，它在不改变温度的情况下膨胀。

5.During the isothermal expansion 等温膨胀 of a gas, the temperature remains constant while the volume increases.

在气体的isothermal expansion 等温膨胀过程中，温度保持不变，而体积增加。

作文

In the realm of thermodynamics, the concept of isothermal expansion plays a crucial role in understanding how gases behave under specific conditions. The term isothermal expansion refers to the process in which a gas expands at a constant temperature. This phenomenon can be observed in various practical applications, from engines to refrigerators, where maintaining a stable temperature is essential for efficient operation.During an isothermal expansion, the internal energy of the gas remains unchanged because temperature is constant. According to the first law of thermodynamics, any heat absorbed by the gas is converted into work done by the gas as it expands. This relationship can be expressed mathematically through the ideal gas law, where pressure, volume, and temperature are interrelated. When a gas expands isothermally, its pressure decreases as its volume increases, illustrating the inverse relationship between these two variables.To visualize this process, consider a piston filled with gas. If we gradually allow the gas to expand while keeping the temperature steady by placing it in a water bath or another thermal reservoir, the gas molecules will move apart, pushing the piston outward. The work done on the piston can be calculated using the formula: W = nRT ln(Vf/Vi), where W is the work done, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the universal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, Vf is the final volume, and Vi is the initial volume. This equation highlights the significance of the logarithmic relationship in isothermal expansion.Understanding isothermal expansion is not only important in theoretical physics but also has practical implications. For instance, in heat engines, maximizing efficiency often involves utilizing cycles that include isothermal processes. The Carnot cycle, which is a theoretical model for heat engines, incorporates isothermal expansion as one of its key stages. By operating between two thermal reservoirs, the engine can convert heat into work efficiently, demonstrating the importance of isothermal expansion in energy conversion.Moreover, isothermal expansion is also significant in refrigeration cycles. In these systems, refrigerants undergo phase changes and temperature adjustments, often involving isothermal processes to absorb heat from the surroundings. Understanding how gases behave during isothermal expansion allows engineers to design more efficient cooling systems, thereby reducing energy consumption and environmental impact.In conclusion, the concept of isothermal expansion is fundamental to both theoretical and applied thermodynamics. It illustrates the delicate balance between heat, work, and energy within a system. Whether in natural phenomena or engineered systems, the principles governing isothermal expansion provide insights that are essential for advancements in technology and our understanding of the physical world. As we continue to explore the intricacies of thermodynamic processes, the significance of isothermal expansion will undoubtedly remain a focal point in the pursuit of efficiency and innovation in various fields.

在热力学领域，等温膨胀的概念在理解气体在特定条件下的行为中起着至关重要的作用。等温膨胀一词指的是气体在恒定温度下膨胀的过程。这种现象可以在各种实际应用中观察到，从发动机到冰箱，在这些应用中，保持稳定的温度对高效运作至关重要。在等温膨胀过程中，气体的内能保持不变，因为温度是恒定的。根据热力学第一定律，气体吸收的任何热量都转化为气体膨胀时所做的功。这个关系可以通过理想气体定律用数学公式表示，其中压力、体积和温度是相互关联的。当气体进行等温膨胀时，随着体积的增加，压力会降低，说明这两个变量之间存在反比关系。为了形象化这一过程，可以考虑一个充满气体的活塞。如果我们逐渐允许气体膨胀，同时通过将其放置在水浴或其他热库中来保持温度稳定，气体分子将会分开，推动活塞向外移动。施加在活塞上的功可以使用公式：W = nRT ln(Vf/Vi)来计算，其中W是所做的功，n是气体的摩尔数，R是普适气体常数，T是绝对温度，Vf是最终体积，Vi是初始体积。这个方程突显了在等温膨胀中的对数关系的重要性。理解等温膨胀不仅在理论物理学中重要，而且具有实际意义。例如，在热机中，最大化效率通常涉及利用包括等温过程的循环。卡诺循环，一个热机的理论模型，包含了等温膨胀作为其关键阶段之一。通过在两个热库之间运行，热机能够有效地将热量转化为功，展示了等温膨胀在能量转换中的重要性。此外，等温膨胀在制冷循环中也很重要。在这些系统中，制冷剂经历相变和温度调整，通常涉及等温过程以从周围环境中吸收热量。理解气体在等温膨胀过程中的行为使工程师能够设计出更高效的冷却系统，从而减少能源消耗和环境影响。总之，等温膨胀的概念是理论和应用热力学的基础。它展示了系统内热量、功和能量之间的微妙平衡。无论是在自然现象还是工程系统中，支配等温膨胀的原则提供了对于技术进步和我们对物理世界理解的必要见解。随着我们继续探索热力学过程的复杂性，等温膨胀的重要性无疑将继续成为各个领域追求效率和创新的焦点。