interatomic distance

简明释义

原子间距

英英释义

例句

1.In a crystal lattice, the interatomic distance 原子间距 determines how atoms are arranged in space.

在晶体晶格中，原子间距决定了原子在空间中的排列方式。

2.Changes in temperature can affect the interatomic distance 原子间距 and thus alter material properties.

温度变化会影响原子间距，从而改变材料特性。

3.The interatomic distance 原子间距 in metals is typically shorter than in non-metals.

金属中的原子间距通常比非金属短。

4.By measuring the interatomic distance 原子间距, scientists can infer the strength of chemical bonds.

通过测量原子间距，科学家可以推断化学键的强度。

5.The calculation of the interatomic distance 原子间距 is crucial for understanding the properties of solid materials.

计算原子间距是理解固体材料特性的关键。

作文

The concept of interatomic distance refers to the space between the nuclei of two adjacent atoms within a molecule or a solid structure. Understanding interatomic distance is crucial in various fields of science, particularly in chemistry and physics, as it influences the properties and behaviors of materials. At the atomic level, the arrangement of atoms and the distances between them can determine the physical characteristics of substances, such as their density, melting point, and electrical conductivity. In a solid, atoms are closely packed together, and the interatomic distance is typically shorter than that in gases or liquids. This proximity allows for strong interactions between atoms, which can result in the formation of bonds, such as covalent or ionic bonds. These bonds are essential for creating the stable structures that we observe in many materials. For example, in diamond, the carbon atoms are arranged in a tetrahedral lattice with very short interatomic distances, resulting in an extremely hard material. On the other hand, in gases, atoms are much farther apart, leading to longer interatomic distances. This increased distance allows gas molecules to move freely and independently, which is why gases have lower densities and can expand to fill any available space. The variation in interatomic distance between different states of matter highlights the importance of this concept in understanding the behavior of substances under different conditions. Moreover, interatomic distance plays a significant role in chemical reactions. When atoms come close enough to each other, they can interact and form new chemical bonds. The energy associated with these interactions is influenced by the interatomic distance, as shorter distances can lead to stronger attractions. For instance, in the process of combustion, the interatomic distances between reactants change as they transform into products, releasing energy in the form of heat and light. In addition to its implications in chemistry, interatomic distance is also a critical factor in physics, particularly in the study of materials and their properties. Scientists use techniques such as X-ray diffraction to measure interatomic distances and analyze the arrangements of atoms in crystals. This information is vital for developing new materials with specific properties, such as superconductors or nanomaterials. Understanding interatomic distance also has practical applications in technology. For instance, in the field of nanotechnology, the manipulation of atoms at such small scales often requires precise control over their distances. Engineers and scientists strive to design materials at the nanoscale where the interatomic distances can significantly alter the material's properties, leading to innovations in electronics, medicine, and energy storage. In conclusion, the concept of interatomic distance is fundamental to our understanding of the physical world. It impacts the structure, stability, and reactivity of materials, making it a key focus for research across various scientific disciplines. By exploring and manipulating interatomic distances, scientists can unlock new possibilities in material science and technology, paving the way for advancements that could transform our lives. Overall, a deeper comprehension of interatomic distance not only enhances our knowledge of atomic interactions but also drives innovation and discovery in numerous scientific fields.

“原子间距”这个概念是指在分子或固体结构中两个相邻原子核之间的空间。理解“原子间距”在科学的多个领域中至关重要，特别是在化学和物理学中，因为它影响材料的性质和行为。在原子层面上，原子的排列和它们之间的距离可以决定物质的物理特性，例如密度、熔点和电导率。在固体中，原子紧密排列，通常“原子间距”比气体或液体中的要短。这种接近性允许原子之间发生强烈的相互作用，这可能导致形成共价键或离子键等键。这些键对于创建我们在许多材料中观察到的稳定结构是必不可少的。例如，在钻石中，碳原子以四面体晶格排列，具有非常短的“原子间距”，导致一种极其坚硬的材料。另一方面，在气体中，原子彼此之间的距离要远得多，从而导致较长的“原子间距”。这种增加的距离使气体分子能够自由独立地运动，这就是为什么气体具有较低密度并能扩展以填充任何可用空间。不同物态之间的“原子间距”的变化突显了这一概念在理解物质在不同条件下行为的重要性。此外，“原子间距”在化学反应中也发挥着重要作用。当原子靠得足够近时，它们可以相互作用并形成新的化学键。与这些相互作用相关的能量受到“原子间距”的影响，因为较短的距离可以导致更强的吸引力。例如，在燃烧过程中，反应物之间的“原子间距”随着它们转变为产物而发生变化，释放出热和光的能量。除了在化学中的意义外，“原子间距”在物理学中也是一个关键因素，特别是在材料及其性质的研究中。科学家使用X射线衍射等技术来测量“原子间距”，并分析晶体中原子的排列。这些信息对于开发具有特定性质的新材料（例如超导体或纳米材料）至关重要。理解“原子间距”在技术中的应用也很重要。例如，在纳米技术领域，在如此小的尺度上操纵原子通常需要对它们的距离进行精确控制。工程师和科学家努力设计纳米级材料，其中“原子间距”可以显著改变材料的性质，从而在电子学、医学和能源存储等领域带来创新。总之，“原子间距”的概念是我们理解物理世界的基础。它影响材料的结构、稳定性和反应性，使其成为各个科学学科研究的关键焦点。通过探索和操控“原子间距”，科学家可以开启材料科学和技术的新可能性，为可能改变我们生活的进步铺平道路。总体而言，对“原子间距”的深入理解不仅增强了我们对原子相互作用的知识，还推动了多个科学领域的创新和发现。