hydroxyl ion

简明释义

羟离子

英英释义

例句

1.To neutralize an acid, you can add a base that provides hydroxyl ions (氢氧根离子).

为了中和酸，你可以添加提供氢氧根离子的碱。

2.The hydroxyl ion (氢氧根离子) is essential for many biochemical reactions in living organisms.

在生物体内，氢氧根离子对许多生化反应至关重要。

3.When sodium hydroxide dissolves in water, it releases hydroxyl ions (氢氧根离子), making the solution basic.

当氢氧化钠溶解在水中时，它释放出氢氧根离子，使溶液呈碱性。

4.The presence of a high concentration of hydroxyl ion (氢氧根离子) in the solution can increase its pH level significantly.

溶液中高浓度的氢氧根离子可以显著提高其pH值。

5.In water chemistry, the hydroxyl ion (氢氧根离子) plays a crucial role in determining the acidity or alkalinity of the solution.

在水化学中，氢氧根离子在确定溶液的酸碱性方面起着至关重要的作用。

作文

The concept of the hydroxyl ion is fundamental in the field of chemistry, particularly when discussing acids and bases. A hydroxyl ion is a negatively charged ion made up of one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom, represented chemically as OH-. This ion plays a crucial role in various chemical reactions and processes, especially in aqueous solutions where it interacts with other ions and molecules. Understanding the behavior of the hydroxyl ion can help us grasp the principles of pH levels, acidity, and alkalinity.In simple terms, the presence of hydroxyl ions in a solution indicates its basicity. When an acid dissolves in water, it donates protons (H+ ions), which can lead to a decrease in the concentration of hydroxyl ions. Conversely, when a base dissolves, it typically increases the concentration of hydroxyl ions, thereby raising the pH level of the solution. This relationship is vital in many biological and environmental processes.For instance, in human physiology, the balance between hydroxyl ions and hydrogen ions is essential for maintaining the body’s pH within a narrow range. Blood pH must remain around 7.4 for optimal functioning, and any significant deviation can lead to severe health issues. This balance is achieved through various buffering systems that regulate the concentrations of hydroxyl ions and H+ ions in the blood.Moreover, the hydroxyl ion is also significant in environmental chemistry. In natural waters, the concentration of hydroxyl ions affects not only the pH but also the solubility of minerals and the toxicity of pollutants. For example, in acidic waters, the concentration of hydroxyl ions is low, which can lead to the leaching of toxic metals such as aluminum into the water system, adversely affecting aquatic life.The understanding of hydroxyl ions extends beyond just theoretical knowledge; it has practical applications in various fields. In agriculture, for instance, soil pH significantly influences nutrient availability. Farmers often test soil pH to determine the need for lime or sulfur to adjust the hydroxyl ion concentration, thus optimizing crop yields. Similarly, in industrial processes, controlling the concentration of hydroxyl ions is crucial in reactions such as neutralization, where acids and bases react to form water and salts.In conclusion, the hydroxyl ion is more than just a chemical species; it is a key player in numerous scientific and practical domains. From biology to environmental science and agriculture, the implications of hydroxyl ions are profound. By understanding this ion and its behavior, we can better appreciate the delicate balance of chemical reactions that sustain life and influence our environment. Thus, the study of hydroxyl ions is integral to both academic research and real-world applications, highlighting its importance in our daily lives.

氢氧根离子的概念在化学领域中是基本的，特别是在讨论酸和碱时。氢氧根离子是由一个氧原子和一个氢原子组成的带负电荷的离子，化学上表示为OH-。这个离子在各种化学反应和过程中的作用至关重要，尤其是在水溶液中，它与其他离子和分子相互作用。理解氢氧根离子的行为可以帮助我们掌握pH水平、酸度和碱度的原理。简单来说，溶液中氢氧根离子的存在表明其碱性。当酸溶解在水中时，它会释放质子（H+离子），这可能导致氢氧根离子浓度的降低。相反，当碱溶解时，通常会增加氢氧根离子的浓度，从而提高溶液的pH值。这种关系在许多生物和环境过程中至关重要。例如，在人体生理中，氢氧根离子和氢离子之间的平衡对于维持身体pH值在狭窄范围内至关重要。血液pH值必须保持在约7.4，以确保最佳功能，任何显著的偏差都可能导致严重的健康问题。这种平衡通过各种缓冲系统来实现，这些系统调节血液中氢氧根离子和H+离子的浓度。此外，氢氧根离子在环境化学中也具有重要意义。在自然水体中，氢氧根离子的浓度不仅影响pH值，还影响矿物的溶解度和污染物的毒性。例如，在酸性水中，氢氧根离子的浓度较低，这可能导致铝等有毒金属渗入水体，严重影响水生生物。对氢氧根离子的理解不仅限于理论知识；它在各个领域都有实际应用。例如，在农业中，土壤pH值显著影响营养物质的可用性。农民通常测试土壤pH值，以确定是否需要石灰或硫来调整氢氧根离子的浓度，从而优化作物产量。同样，在工业过程中，控制氢氧根离子的浓度在中和反应中至关重要，其中酸和碱反应生成水和盐。总之，氢氧根离子不仅仅是一个化学物种；它在众多科学和实际领域中都是关键角色。从生物学到环境科学再到农业，氢氧根离子的影响深远。通过理解这个离子及其行为，我们可以更好地欣赏维持生命和影响我们环境的化学反应的微妙平衡。因此，氢氧根离子的研究对学术研究和现实应用都是不可或缺的，突显了它在我们日常生活中的重要性。