hydrophobic interaction

简明释义

疏水性相互酌

英英释义

例句

1.The hydrophobic interaction (疏水相互作用) among lipid molecules is crucial for the formation of cell membranes.

脂质分子之间的hydrophobic interaction（疏水相互作用）对于细胞膜的形成至关重要。

2.Researchers studied how hydrophobic interaction (疏水相互作用) affects the behavior of nanoparticles in solutions.

研究人员研究了hydrophobic interaction（疏水相互作用）如何影响纳米颗粒在溶液中的行为。

3.Understanding hydrophobic interaction (疏水相互作用) can help in designing better drug delivery systems.

理解hydrophobic interaction（疏水相互作用）可以帮助设计更好的药物传递系统。

4.The formation of protein structures is largely driven by hydrophobic interaction (疏水相互作用), which helps to stabilize the folded shape.

蛋白质结构的形成在很大程度上是由hydrophobic interaction（疏水相互作用）驱动的，这有助于稳定折叠形状。

5.In a soap bubble, the hydrophobic interaction (疏水相互作用) between the soap molecules keeps the bubble intact.

在肥皂泡中，肥皂分子之间的hydrophobic interaction（疏水相互作用）使得泡沫保持完整。

作文

In the realm of chemistry and biology, understanding molecular interactions is crucial for comprehending how substances behave in various environments. One significant type of interaction is known as hydrophobic interaction, which plays a vital role in the formation and stability of biological structures, such as proteins and cell membranes. The term hydrophobic interaction refers to the tendency of nonpolar substances to aggregate in aqueous solutions, minimizing their exposure to water. This phenomenon is essential for the proper folding of proteins and the formation of lipid bilayers that constitute cell membranes.To grasp the concept of hydrophobic interaction, it is important to first understand the properties of water. Water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge on the other. This polarity allows water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with each other, creating a structured network that is crucial for life. However, when nonpolar molecules or groups are introduced into an aqueous environment, they do not interact favorably with water. Instead, they tend to cluster together to minimize their contact with water, leading to what we call hydrophobic interaction.Consider the example of a protein. Proteins are composed of long chains of amino acids, some of which are hydrophobic (nonpolar) and others that are hydrophilic (polar). During the process of protein folding, the hydrophobic amino acids tend to move toward the interior of the protein structure, away from the aqueous environment, while the hydrophilic amino acids remain on the surface. This arrangement is driven by hydrophobic interaction, which stabilizes the three-dimensional shape of the protein, allowing it to function correctly. If the protein fails to fold properly due to disruptions in these interactions, it can lead to loss of function or diseases such as Alzheimer's.Similarly, hydrophobic interaction is critical in the formation of cell membranes. Cell membranes are primarily composed of phospholipids, which have a hydrophilic 'head' and two hydrophobic 'tails.' When placed in water, phospholipids spontaneously arrange themselves into a bilayer, with the hydrophilic heads facing outward towards the water and the hydrophobic tails tucked away from it. This configuration is energetically favorable and is driven by hydrophobic interaction. The resulting membrane acts as a barrier, regulating the entry and exit of substances in and out of the cell, thus maintaining homeostasis.In summary, hydrophobic interaction is a fundamental principle that underlies many biological processes. It explains how nonpolar molecules behave in aqueous environments and is crucial for the proper folding of proteins and the formation of cellular structures. Understanding hydrophobic interaction not only provides insights into molecular biology but also has practical implications in fields such as drug design, where the interaction between drugs and biological molecules can determine therapeutic efficacy. As research continues to explore the complexities of molecular interactions, the significance of hydrophobic interaction remains a key area of study in understanding the molecular basis of life.

在化学和生物学领域，理解分子间的相互作用对于理解物质在不同环境中的行为至关重要。其中一个重要的相互作用类型被称为疏水相互作用，它在生物结构的形成和稳定性中发挥着重要作用，如蛋白质和细胞膜。术语疏水相互作用指的是非极性物质在水溶液中聚集的倾向，以最小化它们与水的接触。这一现象对于蛋白质的正确折叠和构成细胞膜的脂质双层的形成至关重要。要理解疏水相互作用的概念，首先需要了解水的性质。水是一种极性分子，这意味着它的一侧带有部分正电荷，而另一侧带有部分负电荷。这种极性使水分子能够相互形成氢键，从而创建出对生命至关重要的结构化网络。然而，当非极性分子或基团被引入水相时，它们与水的相互作用并不理想。相反，它们倾向于聚集在一起，以最小化与水的接触，从而导致我们所称的疏水相互作用。考虑一个蛋白质的例子。蛋白质由长链氨基酸组成，其中一些是疏水性的（非极性），而另一些则是亲水性的（极性）。在蛋白质折叠过程中，疏水氨基酸倾向于移动到蛋白质结构的内部，远离水相，而亲水氨基酸则保持在表面。这种排列是由疏水相互作用驱动的，稳定了蛋白质的三维形状，使其能够正常功能。如果由于这些相互作用的干扰导致蛋白质未能正确折叠，就可能导致功能丧失或阿尔茨海默病等疾病。同样，疏水相互作用在细胞膜的形成中也至关重要。细胞膜主要由磷脂组成，磷脂具有亲水的“头部”和两个疏水的“尾部”。当放置在水中时，磷脂自发地排列成双层，亲水的头部朝外面朝向水，而疏水的尾部则藏在里面。这种配置在能量上是有利的，并且是由疏水相互作用驱动的。由此产生的膜作为屏障，调节物质的进出，从而维持细胞内的稳态。总之，疏水相互作用是支撑许多生物过程的基本原理。它解释了非极性分子在水相中的行为，并且对蛋白质的正确折叠和细胞结构的形成至关重要。理解疏水相互作用不仅提供了对分子生物学的深入见解，而且在药物设计等领域也具有实际意义，因为药物与生物分子之间的相互作用可以决定治疗效果。随着研究不断探索分子相互作用的复杂性，疏水相互作用的重要性仍然是理解生命分子基础研究的关键领域。