hydrophobic bond

简明释义

疏水键合

英英释义

例句

1.Surfactants work by disrupting hydrophobic bonds 疏水键 in water, allowing oil and water to mix.

表面活性剂通过破坏水中的疏水键 hydrophobic bonds 来使油和水混合。

2.The stability of many biological structures is attributed to the presence of hydrophobic bonds 疏水键 within their molecular framework.

许多生物结构的稳定性归因于其分子框架内存在的疏水键 hydrophobic bonds。

3.The hydrophobic bond 疏水键 between lipid molecules helps to stabilize cell membranes.

脂质分子之间的疏水键 hydrophobic bond 有助于稳定细胞膜。

4.In protein folding, the formation of a hydrophobic bond 疏水键 is crucial for maintaining the three-dimensional structure.

在蛋白质折叠中，疏水键 hydrophobic bond 的形成对维持三维结构至关重要。

5.In drug design, understanding hydrophobic bonds 疏水键 can help in optimizing the interaction between the drug and its target.

在药物设计中，理解疏水键 hydrophobic bonds 有助于优化药物与其靶标之间的相互作用。

作文

In the realm of molecular biology and chemistry, understanding the interactions between different molecules is crucial for grasping how biological systems function. One important interaction that often arises in discussions about protein structure and cellular membranes is the concept of a hydrophobic bond. A hydrophobic bond refers to the tendency of nonpolar substances to aggregate in aqueous solutions, effectively minimizing their exposure to water. This phenomenon plays a significant role in the formation of cellular structures and the stability of proteins.To better understand hydrophobic bonds, we must first consider the nature of water. Water is a polar molecule, which means it has a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge on the other. This polarity allows water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with each other, creating a cohesive environment that supports life. However, when nonpolar molecules, such as lipids or certain amino acids, are introduced into this aqueous environment, they do not interact favorably with water. Instead, they tend to clump together, forming hydrophobic bonds as a way to reduce their surface area exposed to water.This behavior is particularly significant in the context of cell membranes. Cell membranes are primarily composed of phospholipids, which have hydrophilic (water-attracting) heads and hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails. The arrangement of these molecules results from hydrophobic bonds that drive the tails inward, away from the water, while the heads face outward towards the aqueous environment. This unique structure creates a bilayer that serves as a barrier, allowing the cell to maintain a distinct internal environment.Moreover, hydrophobic bonds are essential in the folding of proteins. Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids, some of which are hydrophobic. During the folding process, these hydrophobic amino acids tend to move away from the aqueous surroundings, resulting in the formation of a compact, functional three-dimensional structure. The stability of this structure is largely due to the presence of hydrophobic bonds, which help to hold the protein together by minimizing the exposure of hydrophobic regions to water.In addition to their structural roles, hydrophobic bonds also play a part in various biochemical processes. For instance, the binding of substrates to enzymes often involves hydrophobic interactions, where nonpolar regions of the enzyme and substrate come together to facilitate a reaction. This interaction can enhance the specificity and efficiency of enzymatic activity.In conclusion, the concept of a hydrophobic bond is fundamental to understanding many biological processes. From the formation of cell membranes to the folding of proteins and the functioning of enzymes, hydrophobic bonds are critical in shaping the behavior and properties of molecules in aqueous environments. As we continue to explore the intricacies of molecular interactions, the significance of hydrophobic bonds will undoubtedly remain a key focus in the study of biology and chemistry.

在分子生物学和化学的领域，理解不同分子之间的相互作用对于掌握生物系统的功能至关重要。一个在讨论蛋白质结构和细胞膜时常常出现的重要相互作用是疏水键的概念。疏水键指的是非极性物质在水溶液中聚集的倾向，有效地减少它们与水的接触。这种现象在细胞结构的形成和蛋白质的稳定性中起着重要作用。为了更好地理解疏水键，我们首先必须考虑水的性质。水是一种极性分子，这意味着它一侧带有部分正电荷，而另一侧带有部分负电荷。这种极性使水分子能够相互形成氢键，从而创造出支持生命的内聚环境。然而，当非极性分子（如脂质或某些氨基酸）被引入这种水相环境时，它们与水并不会产生良好的相互作用。相反，它们倾向于聚集在一起，形成疏水键，以减少其暴露于水中的表面积。这种行为在细胞膜的背景下尤为重要。细胞膜主要由磷脂组成，磷脂具有亲水（水吸引）头部和疏水（水排斥）尾部。这些分子的排列是由疏水键驱动的，尾部向内移动，远离水，而头部则面向外部的水相环境。这种独特的结构形成了一个双层，作为屏障，使细胞能够维持一个独特的内部环境。此外，疏水键在蛋白质的折叠中也至关重要。蛋白质由长链氨基酸构成，其中一些是疏水性的。在折叠过程中，这些疏水氨基酸倾向于远离水相，从而形成一个紧凑的、功能性的三维结构。这个结构的稳定性在很大程度上依赖于疏水键的存在，这有助于通过最小化疏水区域与水的接触来保持蛋白质的完整性。除了它们的结构角色，疏水键在各种生化过程中也发挥着作用。例如，底物与酶的结合通常涉及疏水相互作用，其中酶和底物的非极性区域结合在一起以促进反应。这种相互作用可以增强酶促反应的特异性和效率。总之，疏水键的概念对于理解许多生物过程是基础性的。从细胞膜的形成到蛋白质的折叠，再到酶的功能，疏水键在塑造水相环境中分子的行为和性质方面至关重要。随着我们继续探索分子相互作用的复杂性，疏水键的重要性无疑将继续成为生物学和化学研究的重点。