hydronium ion

简明释义

水合氢离子

英英释义

例句

1.The pH of a solution is determined by the concentration of hydronium ion (氢离子) present in it.

溶液的pH值由其中存在的氢离子的浓度决定。

2.When an acid dissociates in water, it produces hydronium ions (氢离子) and anions.

当酸在水中解离时，它产生氢离子和阴离子。

3.In a strong acid solution, the concentration of hydronium ion (氢离子) is significantly higher than in neutral water.

在强酸溶液中，氢离子的浓度明显高于中性水中的浓度。

4.In titration experiments, the formation of hydronium ions (氢离子) helps determine the endpoint.

在滴定实验中，氢离子的形成有助于确定终点。

5.The presence of hydronium ions (氢离子) in the solution indicates that it's acidic.

溶液中存在氢离子表明它是酸性的。

作文

The concept of the hydronium ion is fundamental in the study of chemistry, particularly in understanding acid-base reactions. A hydronium ion is formed when a water molecule (H₂O) accepts a proton (H⁺), resulting in the chemical species H₃O⁺. This ion plays a crucial role in determining the acidity of solutions. In essence, the presence of hydronium ions in a solution indicates its acidic nature. For instance, when an acid dissolves in water, it donates protons to the water molecules, leading to an increase in the concentration of hydronium ions.To illustrate this, consider hydrochloric acid (HCl). When HCl is added to water, it dissociates completely into H⁺ and Cl⁻ ions. The H⁺ ions then react with water molecules to generate hydronium ions. This reaction can be simplified as follows:HCl → H⁺ + Cl⁻H⁺ + H₂O → H₃O⁺Thus, the concentration of hydronium ions increases, which lowers the pH of the solution, indicating stronger acidity. The pH scale, ranging from 0 to 14, is a logarithmic scale that measures the concentration of hydronium ions in a solution. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, while values below 7 indicate acidic solutions and values above 7 indicate basic solutions.In biological systems, hydronium ions also play a significant role. Enzymatic reactions often depend on the pH of the environment, which is influenced by the concentration of hydronium ions. For example, the human stomach contains gastric acid, primarily composed of hydrochloric acid, which creates a highly acidic environment rich in hydronium ions. This acidity is essential for digesting food and eliminating harmful bacteria.Moreover, the concept of hydronium ions extends beyond simple aqueous solutions. In organic chemistry, the reactivity of certain compounds can be influenced by the presence of hydronium ions. Understanding how these ions interact with various substances can help chemists design better reactions and synthesize desired products.Overall, the hydronium ion is a crucial component in many chemical processes. Its ability to influence pH and participate in acid-base chemistry makes it a key player in both inorganic and organic chemistry. By grasping the significance of hydronium ions, students and professionals alike can enhance their understanding of chemical behavior in different environments. As we delve deeper into the world of chemistry, recognizing the impact of hydronium ions will pave the way for more advanced studies and applications in various fields, including biochemistry, environmental science, and industrial chemistry.

“氢氧根离子”的概念在化学研究中是基础，尤其是在理解酸碱反应方面。当水分子（H₂O）接受一个质子（H⁺）时，就形成了氢氧根离子，化学式为H₃O⁺。这个离子在决定溶液的酸性方面起着至关重要的作用。实际上，溶液中氢氧根离子的存在表明其酸性特征。例如，当酸溶解在水中时，它会向水分子捐赠质子，从而导致氢氧根离子浓度的增加。以盐酸（HCl）为例。当盐酸被加入水中时，它会完全解离成H⁺和Cl⁻离子。H⁺离子随后与水分子反应生成氢氧根离子。这个反应可以简化为：HCl → H⁺ + Cl⁻H⁺ + H₂O → H₃O⁺因此，氢氧根离子的浓度增加，这降低了溶液的pH值，表明酸性增强。pH值范围从0到14，是一个对数尺度，用于测量溶液中氢氧根离子的浓度。pH值为7被认为是中性的，而低于7的值表示酸性溶液，高于7的值则表示碱性溶液。在生物系统中，氢氧根离子同样发挥着重要作用。酶促反应往往依赖于环境的pH值，而这一点又受到氢氧根离子浓度的影响。例如，人类的胃内含有胃酸，主要由盐酸组成，创造了一个富含氢氧根离子的高度酸性环境。这种酸性对于消化食物和消灭有害细菌至关重要。此外，氢氧根离子的概念不仅限于简单的水溶液。在有机化学中，某些化合物的反应性可能受到氢氧根离子存在的影响。理解这些离子如何与各种物质相互作用，可以帮助化学家设计更好的反应并合成所需的产品。总之，氢氧根离子是许多化学过程中的关键组成部分。它影响pH值并参与酸碱化学的能力，使其成为无机和有机化学中的关键角色。通过掌握氢氧根离子的意义，学生和专业人士可以增强对不同环境中化学行为的理解。随着我们深入化学世界，认识氢氧根离子的影响将为各个领域（包括生物化学、环境科学和工业化学）的更高级研究和应用铺平道路。