hydrogen bond

简明释义

氢键

英英释义

例句

1.During the formation of ice, hydrogen bonds create a crystalline structure.

在冰的形成过程中，氢键形成了一个晶体结构。

2.In proteins, hydrogen bonds help maintain the secondary and tertiary structures.

在蛋白质中，氢键有助于维持二级和三级结构。

3.Water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds, which are crucial for its unique properties.

水分子通过氢键相互结合，这对其独特的性质至关重要。

4.The high boiling point of water can be attributed to the presence of hydrogen bonds.

水的高沸点可以归因于氢键的存在。

5.The structure of DNA is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs.

DNA的结构由互补碱基对之间的氢键稳定。

作文

Hydrogen bonds are a fundamental aspect of chemistry that play a crucial role in the structure and properties of various substances. These bonds occur when a hydrogen atom, which is covalently bonded to a more electronegative atom, experiences an attractive interaction with another electronegative atom. This phenomenon is particularly significant in biological systems, where the presence of hydrogen bonds (氢键) contributes to the stability and functionality of complex molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids.One of the most well-known examples of hydrogen bonds (氢键) can be observed in water (H2O). The water molecule consists of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms, creating a polar molecule. The oxygen atom is more electronegative than hydrogen, leading to a partial negative charge on the oxygen and a partial positive charge on the hydrogens. This polarity allows water molecules to form hydrogen bonds (氢键) with one another, resulting in unique properties such as high surface tension, boiling point, and the ability to dissolve many substances. In addition to water, hydrogen bonds (氢键) are vital in the formation of DNA. The structure of DNA is often described as a double helix, where two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds (氢键) between complementary base pairs. Adenine pairs with thymine, while cytosine pairs with guanine, all through hydrogen bonds (氢键). This specific pairing is essential for the accurate replication of genetic information during cell division, highlighting the importance of hydrogen bonds (氢键) in biological processes.Moreover, hydrogen bonds (氢键) contribute to the secondary structures of proteins, such as alpha helices and beta sheets. These structures are stabilized by hydrogen bonds (氢键) between the amine and carbonyl groups of the amino acids in the polypeptide chain. The ability of proteins to fold into specific shapes is crucial for their function, and without hydrogen bonds (氢键), many proteins would not be able to maintain their three-dimensional structure.The significance of hydrogen bonds (氢键) extends beyond biology and water. They are also important in various chemical reactions and materials science. For instance, in polymers, hydrogen bonds (氢键) can affect the physical properties of the material, such as its strength and elasticity. Understanding how hydrogen bonds (氢键) work allows chemists and materials scientists to design better materials with desired properties.In conclusion, hydrogen bonds (氢键) are a critical component of many chemical and biological systems. Their unique ability to form and break easily under different conditions makes them versatile and essential for life. From the properties of water to the structure of DNA and proteins, hydrogen bonds (氢键) influence countless aspects of chemistry and biology. As we continue to explore the intricate world of molecular interactions, the study of hydrogen bonds (氢键) will undoubtedly remain a key area of research, helping us to understand and manipulate the building blocks of life.

氢键是化学中的一个基本方面，在各种物质的结构和性质中起着至关重要的作用。这些键发生在氢原子与一个更具电负性的原子共价结合时，氢原子与另一个电负性原子之间产生吸引相互作用。这种现象在生物系统中尤为重要，因为氢键（hydrogen bond）的存在有助于复杂分子如蛋白质和核酸的稳定性和功能。水（H2O）是氢键（hydrogen bond）最著名的例子之一。水分子由一个氧原子和两个氢原子组成，形成了一个极性分子。氧原子的电负性大于氢，导致氧上带有部分负电荷，而氢上带有部分正电荷。这种极性使得水分子能够相互形成氢键（hydrogen bond），从而产生高表面张力、沸点以及溶解许多物质的能力等独特性质。除了水之外，氢键（hydrogen bond）在DNA的形成中也至关重要。DNA的结构通常被描述为双螺旋，其中两条链通过互补碱基对之间的氢键（hydrogen bond）连接。腺嘌呤与胸腺嘧啶配对，而胞嘧啶与鸟嘌呤配对，均通过氢键（hydrogen bond）连接。这种特定的配对对于细胞分裂过程中遗传信息的准确复制至关重要，突显了氢键（hydrogen bond）在生物过程中的重要性。此外，氢键（hydrogen bond）还对蛋白质的二级结构（如α螺旋和β折叠）有贡献。这些结构通过多肽链中氨基酸的胺基和羰基之间的氢键（hydrogen bond）得到稳定。蛋白质能够折叠成特定形状的能力对于其功能至关重要，如果没有氢键（hydrogen bond），许多蛋白质将无法维持其三维结构。氢键（hydrogen bond）的重要性不仅限于生物学和水。它们在各种化学反应和材料科学中也很重要。例如，在聚合物中，氢键（hydrogen bond）可以影响材料的物理性质，如强度和弹性。理解氢键（hydrogen bond）的工作原理使化学家和材料科学家能够设计出具有所需特性的更好材料。总之，氢键（hydrogen bond）是许多化学和生物系统的关键组成部分。它们在不同条件下形成和断裂的独特能力使其多功能且对生命至关重要。从水的性质到DNA和蛋白质的结构，氢键（hydrogen bond）影响着无数化学和生物学的各个方面。随着我们继续探索分子相互作用的复杂世界，氢键（hydrogen bond）的研究无疑将继续成为一个关键领域，帮助我们理解和操控生命的构建块。