gel filtration

简明释义

凝胶过滤

英英释义

例句

1.We calibrated the gel filtration column before starting the experiment.

在开始实验之前，我们对凝胶过滤柱进行了校准。

2.The researcher used gel filtration to separate proteins based on their size.

研究人员使用凝胶过滤根据蛋白质的大小进行分离。

3.After gel filtration, the sample showed a higher purity level.

经过凝胶过滤后，样品显示出更高的纯度水平。

4.The gel filtration method is effective for removing small contaminants from large biomolecules.

该凝胶过滤方法有效去除大生物分子中的小污染物。

5.In our lab, we often perform gel filtration to purify enzymes from crude extracts.

在我们的实验室中，我们经常进行凝胶过滤以从粗提取物中纯化酶。

作文

Gel filtration is a widely used technique in biochemistry and molecular biology for the separation of biomolecules based on their size. This method, also known as size-exclusion chromatography, operates on the principle that smaller molecules can enter the pores of a gel matrix, while larger molecules are excluded from these pores. As a result, when a mixture of different-sized molecules is passed through a column filled with this gel, the larger molecules elute first, followed by the smaller ones. The effectiveness of gel filtration is particularly significant in purifying proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides.The process begins by preparing a column packed with a porous gel material, such as dextran or agarose. The choice of gel depends on the specific requirements of the experiment, including the size range of the molecules to be separated. Once the column is prepared, the sample containing the mixture of biomolecules is applied to the top of the column. As gravity or pressure drives the liquid through the gel, molecules interact with the gel's porous structure.One of the key advantages of gel filtration is its ability to separate molecules without altering their native state. This is crucial, especially when isolating proteins, as preserving their functional conformation is essential for subsequent analyses. Additionally, this technique is relatively gentle, minimizing the risk of denaturation that can occur with other separation methods.In practice, gel filtration is often employed in various applications, including protein purification, desalting, and buffer exchange. For instance, researchers may use this technique to remove small contaminants from a protein solution or to concentrate a sample by selectively retaining larger molecules. Furthermore, it serves as an essential step in preparing samples for further analytical techniques, such as mass spectrometry or electrophoresis.Despite its many advantages, there are some limitations to consider when using gel filtration. One notable drawback is that it is not suitable for separating molecules that have similar sizes, as they will elute together and may not be effectively resolved. Additionally, the resolution of separation can be influenced by factors such as flow rate, temperature, and the choice of gel material. Therefore, careful optimization is necessary to achieve the desired separation outcomes.In conclusion, gel filtration is a fundamental technique in the field of biochemistry that allows scientists to separate and purify biomolecules based on size. Its gentle nature preserves the integrity of the molecules being studied, making it invaluable for various applications in research and industry. Understanding and mastering the principles of gel filtration can greatly enhance a scientist's ability to conduct experiments and obtain high-quality results.

凝胶过滤是一种广泛应用于生物化学和分子生物学的技术，用于根据分子大小分离生物大分子。这种方法也被称为尺寸排斥色谱，其原理是较小的分子可以进入凝胶基质的孔中，而较大的分子则被排除在这些孔之外。因此，当将不同大小的分子混合物通过填充有这种凝胶的柱时，较大的分子首先洗脱，其次是较小的分子。凝胶过滤的有效性在于纯化蛋白质、核酸和多糖等方面尤为显著。该过程开始于准备一个填充有多孔凝胶材料（如右旋糖或琼脂糖）的柱。凝胶的选择取决于实验的具体要求，包括待分离分子的大小范围。一旦柱准备好，含有生物分子混合物的样品就会被施加到柱的顶部。随着重力或压力驱动液体通过凝胶，分子与凝胶的多孔结构相互作用。凝胶过滤的一个主要优点是其能够在不改变分子本身的状态下进行分离。这一点至关重要，尤其是在分离蛋白质时，因为保留它们的功能构象对于后续分析至关重要。此外，这项技术相对温和，最小化了其他分离方法可能导致的变性风险。在实践中，凝胶过滤通常用于各种应用，包括蛋白质纯化、去盐和缓冲液交换。例如，研究人员可能会使用这种技术从蛋白质溶液中去除小的杂质，或通过选择性保留较大的分子来浓缩样品。此外，它作为准备样品以进行进一步分析技术（如质谱或电泳）的重要步骤。尽管有许多优点，但在使用凝胶过滤时也需要考虑一些局限性。一个显著的缺点是它不适合分离具有相似大小的分子，因为它们将一起洗脱，可能无法有效分开。此外，分离的分辨率可能受到流速、温度和凝胶材料选择等因素的影响。因此，需要仔细优化以实现所需的分离结果。总之，凝胶过滤是生物化学领域的一项基础技术，允许科学家根据大小分离和纯化生物分子。其温和的性质保留了所研究分子的完整性，使其在研究和工业的各种应用中不可或缺。理解和掌握凝胶过滤的原理可以大大增强科学家进行实验和获得高质量结果的能力。