distribution coefficient

简明释义

配分系数

英英释义

例句

1.In pharmacokinetics, the distribution coefficient helps to understand drug absorption.

在药物代谢动力学中，分配系数有助于理解药物的吸收。

2.A higher distribution coefficient indicates that a substance prefers to dissolve in oil rather than water.

较高的分配系数表明物质更倾向于溶解在油中而不是水中。

3.Researchers calculated the distribution coefficient of the pollutant in soil and water.

研究人员计算了污染物在土壤和水中的分配系数。

4.The distribution coefficient is crucial in determining how a drug will behave in the body.

该分配系数在确定药物在体内的行为方面至关重要。

5.The distribution coefficient can help predict the environmental impact of chemicals.

该分配系数可以帮助预测化学品对环境的影响。

作文

The concept of the distribution coefficient plays a crucial role in various scientific fields, particularly in chemistry and environmental science. The distribution coefficient is defined as the ratio of the concentration of a substance in one phase to its concentration in another phase at equilibrium. This parameter is essential for understanding how compounds partition between different environments, such as between water and organic solvents or between air and water. For instance, when dealing with pollutants in water, the distribution coefficient helps scientists determine how much of a contaminant will remain dissolved in water versus how much will adsorb onto sediment or bioaccumulate in organisms. A high distribution coefficient indicates that a compound prefers to reside in the organic phase, while a low value suggests a tendency to remain in the aqueous phase. This information is vital for assessing the environmental impact of chemical substances. In pharmaceutical sciences, the distribution coefficient is equally significant. It influences drug solubility and permeability, which are critical factors in drug formulation and delivery. For a drug to be effective, it must reach its target site in sufficient concentrations. The distribution coefficient can predict how well a drug will distribute throughout the body after administration. A favorable distribution coefficient can enhance a drug's bioavailability, ensuring that it remains effective at lower doses and minimizes potential side effects. Moreover, the distribution coefficient is used in the field of toxicology to evaluate the risks associated with exposure to various chemicals. By understanding how a toxic substance distributes itself in biological systems, researchers can better assess its potential harm to human health and the environment. This knowledge is crucial for regulatory agencies that establish safety standards and guidelines for chemical use. To calculate the distribution coefficient, researchers often employ techniques such as partitioning experiments, where a compound is allowed to equilibrate between two immiscible phases. The concentrations of the compound in both phases are measured, and the distribution coefficient is derived from these values. This empirical data can then be applied to models that predict the behavior of substances in more complex systems. In conclusion, the distribution coefficient is a fundamental parameter that aids in the understanding of how substances behave in different environments. Its applications span across multiple disciplines, including environmental science, pharmaceuticals, and toxicology. By mastering the concept of the distribution coefficient, researchers can make informed decisions about chemical safety, drug development, and environmental protection. As we continue to advance our knowledge in these fields, the importance of accurately determining the distribution coefficient cannot be overstated. It serves as a key indicator of a substance's environmental fate, biological availability, and overall impact on health and ecosystems.

分配系数的概念在多个科学领域中发挥着至关重要的作用，特别是在化学和环境科学中。分配系数被定义为物质在平衡状态下在一个相中的浓度与另一相中的浓度之比。这个参数对于理解化合物在不同环境之间的分配至关重要，例如在水和有机溶剂之间或在空气和水之间。例如，在处理水中的污染物时，分配系数帮助科学家确定污染物有多少会保持溶解在水中，以及有多少会吸附到沉积物上或在生物体内富集。高分配系数表明化合物更倾向于存在于有机相中，而低值则表明它更倾向于留在水相中。这些信息对于评估化学物质对环境的影响至关重要。在药物科学中，分配系数同样重要。它影响药物的溶解性和通透性，这些都是药物配方和输送中的关键因素。为了使药物有效，它必须在给药后以足够的浓度到达目标部位。分配系数可以预测药物在体内的分布情况。一个有利的分配系数可以增强药物的生物利用度，确保其在较低剂量下仍然有效，并尽量减少潜在的副作用。此外，分配系数还用于毒理学领域，以评估接触各种化学物质所带来的风险。通过了解有毒物质在生物系统中的分布，研究人员可以更好地评估其对人类健康和环境的潜在危害。这一知识对于制定化学物质使用安全标准和指导方针的监管机构至关重要。为了计算分配系数，研究人员通常采用分配实验等技术，其中允许化合物在两个不相混合的相之间达到平衡。测量两相中化合物的浓度，从这些值中得出分配系数。然后，可以将这些经验数据应用于预测物质在更复杂系统中行为的模型。总之，分配系数是一个基本参数，有助于理解物质在不同环境中的行为。其应用跨越多个学科，包括环境科学、药物学和毒理学。通过掌握分配系数的概念，研究人员可以就化学安全、药物开发和环境保护做出明智的决策。随着我们在这些领域不断推进知识，准确确定分配系数的重要性不容小觑。它作为物质环境命运、生物可用性和对健康及生态系统总体影响的关键指标。