dispersion force

简明释义

分散力

英英释义

例句

1.When analyzing the properties of noble gases, scientists often refer to the dispersion forces (色散力) that exist between them.

在分析稀有气体的性质时，科学家们常常提到它们之间存在的dispersion forces（色散力）。

2.The dispersion force (色散力) is weaker than ionic and covalent bonds but plays a significant role in the stability of large molecules.

虽然dispersion force（色散力）比离子键和共价键弱，但在大分子的稳定性中起着重要作用。

3.The dispersion force (色散力) can increase with the size of the molecules involved in the interaction.

参与相互作用的分子大小增加时，dispersion force（色散力）也会增加。

4.In the study of molecular chemistry, understanding dispersion forces (色散力) is essential for predicting molecular behavior.

在分子化学研究中，理解dispersion forces（色散力）对预测分子行为至关重要。

5.The interaction between nonpolar molecules is primarily due to the dispersion force (色散力).

非极性分子之间的相互作用主要是由于dispersion force（色散力）。

作文

Dispersion forces, also known as London dispersion forces, are a type of weak intermolecular force that arises from the temporary fluctuations in electron density within molecules. These forces play a crucial role in the behavior of nonpolar substances and are essential for understanding various physical properties of materials. In this essay, we will explore the nature of dispersion force (色散力), how they occur, and their significance in everyday life.At the molecular level, all atoms and molecules have electrons that move around the nucleus. Even in nonpolar molecules, where there is no permanent dipole moment, the distribution of electrons can become uneven at any given moment. This temporary asymmetry creates a momentary dipole, which can induce a similar dipole in neighboring molecules. The attraction between these temporary dipoles results in what we call dispersion force (色散力). Although these forces are relatively weak compared to other types of intermolecular forces like hydrogen bonding or ionic interactions, they are omnipresent and can significantly influence the properties of substances.One of the most notable effects of dispersion force (色散力) is seen in noble gases, which are monoatomic and nonpolar. Despite their lack of permanent dipoles, noble gases such as argon and xenon can still liquefy under high pressure due to the presence of dispersion force (色散力). This demonstrates that even the weakest forces can lead to significant changes in state when conditions are right.Moreover, dispersion force (色散力) becomes more substantial with increasing molecular size and surface area. Larger molecules have more electrons, leading to greater fluctuations in electron density, thus enhancing the strength of these forces. For example, larger hydrocarbons exhibit higher boiling points than their smaller counterparts due to increased dispersion force (色散力). This phenomenon explains why substances like octane, which has a larger molecular structure, are liquids at room temperature while methane, with a much smaller structure, is a gas.In addition to influencing physical states, dispersion force (色散力) is vital in biological systems. For instance, the folding of proteins and the formation of lipid bilayers in cell membranes rely on these weak interactions. Though dispersion force (色散力) may seem insignificant compared to stronger bonds, they contribute to the overall stability and functionality of biological macromolecules.Furthermore, understanding dispersion force (色散力) is essential in various fields such as material science and chemistry. For example, the design of new materials often involves manipulating these forces to achieve desired properties. Researchers can enhance the performance of polymers and composites by optimizing their molecular structures to maximize dispersion force (色散力) interactions, leading to stronger and more durable materials.In conclusion, dispersion force (色散力) is a fundamental concept in chemistry that explains many phenomena observed in nature and technology. Despite being one of the weakest types of intermolecular forces, their impact is significant in various contexts, from the physical state of substances to the stability of biological structures. A deeper understanding of dispersion force (色散力) not only enriches our knowledge of molecular interactions but also opens doors to innovations in material science and biochemistry.