determination of molecular weight

简明释义

分子量测定

英英释义

例句

1.The determination of molecular weight can be achieved through mass spectrometry.

可以通过质谱法实现分子量的测定。

2.Scientists use various methods for the determination of molecular weight of proteins.

科学家们使用各种方法进行蛋白质的分子量的测定。

3.The determination of molecular weight is crucial in understanding the properties of polymers.

分子量的测定在理解聚合物的性质中至关重要。

4.In chemistry classes, students learn about the determination of molecular weight using different techniques.

在化学课上，学生们学习使用不同技术进行分子量的测定。

5.Accurate determination of molecular weight helps in drug formulation.

准确的分子量的测定有助于药物配方的制定。

作文

The field of chemistry is vast and intricate, encompassing numerous techniques and methodologies that allow scientists to understand the composition and behavior of substances. One of the fundamental concepts in organic and inorganic chemistry is the determination of molecular weight, which refers to the process of calculating the mass of a molecule based on the atomic masses of its constituent atoms. This concept is pivotal for various applications, from synthesizing new compounds to analyzing biological systems.Molecular weight, often expressed in grams per mole (g/mol), provides critical information about a substance's properties, including its reactivity, phase behavior, and solubility. For instance, when chemists synthesize a new drug, knowing the determination of molecular weight is essential to predict how the drug will behave in the human body. A drug with an appropriate molecular weight may be more easily absorbed and utilized by the body, influencing its effectiveness.There are several methods for determining molecular weight, each with its advantages and limitations. One common technique is mass spectrometry, which can accurately measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. By analyzing the resulting data, chemists can deduce the molecular weight of the original compound. Another method involves colligative properties, such as boiling point elevation or freezing point depression, which can provide indirect measurements of molecular weight based on the behavior of solutions.Furthermore, the determination of molecular weight is crucial in biochemistry, particularly in protein analysis. Proteins are complex molecules composed of amino acids, and their functions are closely related to their molecular weights. Techniques such as gel electrophoresis and size-exclusion chromatography help researchers separate proteins based on size, allowing for the determination of molecular weights and, consequently, insights into their structure and function.In addition to its scientific significance, understanding the determination of molecular weight has practical implications in industries such as pharmaceuticals, materials science, and environmental science. For example, in the pharmaceutical industry, the molecular weight of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) must be carefully controlled to ensure consistent dosing and efficacy. In materials science, the molecular weight of polymers affects their physical properties, such as strength and elasticity, which are critical for product performance.Moreover, the determination of molecular weight plays a role in environmental studies, particularly in assessing pollutants. Many environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals and organic compounds, have specific molecular weights that can influence their behavior in ecosystems. By understanding these properties, scientists can develop better strategies for remediation and pollution control.In conclusion, the determination of molecular weight is a cornerstone of chemical research and application. It serves as a bridge connecting theoretical knowledge with practical outcomes across various fields. As technology advances, the methods for determining molecular weight continue to evolve, enabling deeper insights into molecular structures and interactions. Understanding this concept not only enhances our grasp of chemistry but also equips us with the tools to address real-world challenges effectively.

化学领域广泛而复杂，涵盖了许多技术和方法，使科学家能够理解物质的组成和行为。在有机和无机化学中，一个基本概念是分子量的测定，它指的是根据组成原子的原子质量计算分子的质量的过程。这个概念对于各种应用至关重要，从合成新化合物到分析生物系统。分子量通常以克每摩尔（g/mol）表示，提供有关物质特性的关键信息，包括其反应性、相行为和溶解度。例如，当化学家合成一种新药时，了解分子量的测定对预测药物在人体内的行为至关重要。具有适当分子量的药物可能更容易被身体吸收和利用，从而影响其有效性。确定分子量的方法有几种，每种方法都有其优缺点。一种常见技术是质谱法，它可以准确测量离子的质荷比。通过分析得到的数据，化学家可以推导出原始化合物的分子量。另一种方法涉及依赖于溶液行为的胶体性质，如沸点升高或冰点降低，这可以提供间接的分子量测量。此外，分子量的测定在生物化学中至关重要，尤其是在蛋白质分析方面。蛋白质是由氨基酸组成的复杂分子，其功能与其分子量密切相关。凝胶电泳和尺寸排阻色谱等技术帮助研究人员根据大小分离蛋白质，从而确定分子量，并因此获得对其结构和功能的深入了解。除了科学意义之外，了解分子量的测定在制药、材料科学和环境科学等行业也具有实际意义。例如，在制药行业，活性药物成分（API）的分子量必须严格控制，以确保剂量和效果的一致性。在材料科学中，聚合物的分子量影响其物理特性，如强度和弹性，这对产品性能至关重要。此外，分子量的测定在环境研究中也发挥着作用，特别是在评估污染物方面。许多环境污染物，如重金属和有机化合物，具有特定的分子量，这可能影响其在生态系统中的行为。通过理解这些特性，科学家可以制定更好的修复和污染控制策略。总之，分子量的测定是化学研究和应用的基石。它作为连接理论知识与各个领域实际结果的桥梁。随着技术的进步，确定分子量的方法不断发展，使我们能够更深入地了解分子结构和相互作用。理解这一概念不仅增强了我们对化学的掌握，也为我们有效解决现实世界的挑战提供了工具。