deoxyribonucleic acid

简明释义

脱氧核糖核酸

英英释义

例句

1.Forensic scientists analyze deoxyribonucleic acid from crime scenes to identify suspects.

法医科学家分析犯罪现场的脱氧核糖核酸以识别嫌疑人。

2.Scientists use deoxyribonucleic acid to understand genetic diseases.

科学家使用脱氧核糖核酸来理解遗传疾病。

3.Each human cell contains approximately 6 feet of deoxyribonucleic acid tightly coiled within the nucleus.

每个细胞中大约包含6英尺长的脱氧核糖核酸，紧密卷绕在细胞核内。

4.The structure of deoxyribonucleic acid is often described as a double helix.

脱氧核糖核酸的结构通常被描述为双螺旋。

5.The discovery of deoxyribonucleic acid has revolutionized the field of genetics.

对脱氧核糖核酸的发现彻底改变了遗传学领域。

作文

Deoxyribonucleic acid, commonly known as DNA, is the hereditary material in all known living organisms and many viruses. It carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all life forms. The structure of DNA was first described by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, which revealed its double helix shape. This groundbreaking discovery has paved the way for modern genetics and biotechnology.The significance of DNA cannot be overstated. It is composed of two long strands that coil around each other to form the double helix. Each strand is made up of a sequence of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA. Each nucleotide consists of three components: a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base. The four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). The order of these bases encodes genetic information, much like letters in a sentence convey meaning.One of the most fascinating aspects of DNA is how it replicates. During cell division, the strands of DNA separate, and each strand serves as a template for the formation of a new complementary strand. This process ensures that genetic information is accurately passed on from one generation to the next. Errors in DNA replication can lead to mutations, which may result in various genetic disorders or contribute to the development of cancer.In addition to its role in heredity, DNA also plays a crucial part in the field of forensic science. Forensic DNA analysis has become a powerful tool in criminal investigations, allowing law enforcement agencies to identify suspects based on biological evidence such as blood, hair, or skin cells. The uniqueness of an individual's DNA profile makes it possible to link a suspect to a crime scene with a high degree of certainty.Furthermore, the study of DNA has significant implications for medicine and biotechnology. Genetic engineering, which involves manipulating DNA to create genetically modified organisms (GMOs), has revolutionized agriculture and food production. Additionally, advances in gene therapy aim to treat or prevent diseases by correcting defective genes or introducing new ones into a patient's DNA.In conclusion, deoxyribonucleic acid is a fundamental molecule that underpins the biological processes of life. Its structure, function, and ability to replicate are essential for the continuity of life on Earth. As we continue to explore the mysteries of DNA, we unlock new possibilities in medicine, forensics, and our understanding of the very essence of life itself. The ongoing research in this field holds great promise for future advancements that could enhance our quality of life and solve some of the most pressing challenges we face today.

脱氧核糖核酸，通常称为DNA，是所有已知生物体和许多病毒中的遗传物质。它携带用于所有生命形式的生长、发展、功能和繁殖的遗传指令。DNA的结构首次由詹姆斯·沃森和弗朗西斯·克里克于1953年描述，揭示了其双螺旋形状。这一突破性的发现为现代遗传学和生物技术铺平了道路。DNA的重要性不容小觑。它由两条长链相互缠绕形成双螺旋。每条链由一系列核苷酸组成，核苷酸是DNA的基本构件。每个核苷酸由三个部分组成：磷酸基团、一个糖分子（脱氧核糖）和一个氮碱基。DNA中的四种氮碱基是腺嘌呤（A）、胸腺嘧啶（T）、胞嘧啶（C）和鸟嘌呤（G）。这些碱基的顺序编码了遗传信息，就像句子中的字母传达意义一样。DNA最引人入胜的方面之一是它如何复制。在细胞分裂过程中，DNA的链分开，每条链作为新互补链形成的模板。这个过程确保了遗传信息准确地从一代传递到下一代。DNA复制中的错误可能导致突变，这可能导致各种遗传疾病或促进癌症的发展。除了在遗传中的作用外，DNA在法医学领域也扮演着重要角色。法医DNA分析已成为刑事调查中的强大工具，使执法机构能够根据生物证据（如血液、头发或皮肤细胞）识别嫌疑人。个人的DNA特征的独特性使得能够以高度的确定性将嫌疑人与犯罪现场联系起来。此外，DNA的研究对医学和生物技术具有重要意义。基因工程涉及操纵DNA以创造转基因生物（GMO），这已彻底改变了农业和食品生产。此外，基因治疗的进展旨在通过纠正缺陷基因或将新基因引入患者的DNA中来治疗或预防疾病。总之，脱氧核糖核酸是支撑生命生物过程的基本分子。它的结构、功能和复制能力对于地球上生命的延续至关重要。随着我们继续探索DNA的奥秘，我们解锁了医学、法医学和对生命本质理解的新可能性。该领域的持续研究对未来的进步充满希望，这些进步可能会提高我们的生活质量并解决我们今天面临的一些最紧迫的挑战。