degree of dissociation

简明释义

离解度

英英释义

例句

1.To calculate the degree of dissociation, you need to know the initial concentration and the concentration at equilibrium.

要计算电离度，你需要知道初始浓度和平衡时的浓度。

2.In a strong acid, the degree of dissociation is nearly 100%.

在强酸中，电离度几乎达到100%。

3.Temperature can affect the degree of dissociation of a chemical reaction.

温度会影响化学反应的电离度。

4.The degree of dissociation indicates how much of a solute has separated into ions in solution.

溶质在溶液中分离成离子的程度被称为电离度。

5.The degree of dissociation of weak acids is significantly lower than that of strong acids.

弱酸的电离度明显低于强酸。

作文

In the study of chemistry, the concept of degree of dissociation is crucial for understanding how substances behave in solution. The degree of dissociation refers to the fraction of a solute that has dissociated into its constituent ions or molecules when dissolved in a solvent. This concept is particularly important when discussing electrolytes, which are compounds that conduct electricity when dissolved in water. The extent to which an electrolyte dissociates can significantly affect its properties and behavior in various chemical reactions.For instance, consider sodium chloride (NaCl), a common table salt. When NaCl dissolves in water, it dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and chloride ions (Cl-). The degree of dissociation of NaCl in water is nearly complete, meaning that almost all of the NaCl molecules break apart into their respective ions. This high degree of dissociation allows NaCl to effectively conduct electricity in solution, making it a strong electrolyte.On the other hand, weak electrolytes, such as acetic acid (CH3COOH), exhibit a much lower degree of dissociation. When acetic acid is dissolved in water, only a small fraction of the molecules dissociate into acetate ions (CH3COO-) and hydrogen ions (H+). As a result, the degree of dissociation of acetic acid is significantly less than that of strong electrolytes like NaCl. This lower degree of dissociation means that acetic acid does not conduct electricity as effectively as strong electrolytes, highlighting the importance of this concept in predicting the behavior of different substances in solution.The degree of dissociation can be influenced by several factors, including temperature, concentration, and the presence of other ions in solution. For example, increasing the temperature often increases the degree of dissociation for many substances, as higher temperatures provide more energy for molecules to break apart. Similarly, diluting a solution can also increase the degree of dissociation for weak electrolytes, as there are fewer ions present to inhibit the dissociation process.Understanding the degree of dissociation is not only important in chemistry but also has practical applications in various fields, including biology, environmental science, and medicine. For instance, in biological systems, the degree of dissociation of certain acids and bases can influence enzyme activity and metabolic processes. In environmental science, the degree of dissociation of pollutants in water can affect their toxicity and bioavailability to aquatic organisms.In conclusion, the concept of degree of dissociation is essential for understanding the behavior of electrolytes and other substances in solution. By grasping how and why different compounds dissociate, we can better predict their properties and interactions in various chemical environments. Whether in the laboratory or in real-world applications, the degree of dissociation plays a vital role in shaping our understanding of chemistry and its implications across multiple disciplines.

在化学研究中，解离度的概念对于理解物质在溶液中的行为至关重要。解离度指的是溶质在溶剂中溶解时，分解成其组成离子或分子的部分。这个概念在讨论电解质时尤其重要，电解质是指在水中溶解时能够导电的化合物。电解质的解离程度会显著影响其性质和在各种化学反应中的行为。例如，考虑氯化钠（NaCl），一种常见的食盐。当氯化钠溶解在水中时，它会解离为钠离子（Na+）和氯离子（Cl-）。氯化钠在水中的解离度几乎是完全的，这意味着几乎所有的氯化钠分子都会分解为各自的离子。这种高的解离度使得氯化钠在溶液中能够有效导电，使其成为强电解质。另一方面，弱电解质，如醋酸（CH3COOH），表现出较低的解离度。当醋酸溶解在水中时，只有一小部分分子解离为乙酸根离子（CH3COO-）和氢离子（H+）。因此，醋酸的解离度显著低于氯化钠等强电解质。这种较低的解离度意味着醋酸在导电性上不如强电解质，突显了这一概念在预测不同物质在溶液中行为的重要性。解离度可能受到多种因素的影响，包括温度、浓度和溶液中其他离子的存在。例如，提高温度通常会增加许多物质的解离度，因为更高的温度为分子分解提供了更多能量。同样，稀释溶液也可以增加弱电解质的解离度，因为存在的离子较少，从而抑制了解离过程。理解解离度不仅在化学中重要，也在生物学、环境科学和医学等多个领域具有实际应用。例如，在生物系统中，某些酸和碱的解离度可以影响酶活性和代谢过程。在环境科学中，污染物在水中的解离度可能影响其对水生生物的毒性和生物可利用性。总之，解离度的概念对于理解电解质和其他物质在溶液中的行为至关重要。通过掌握不同化合物如何以及为什么解离，我们可以更好地预测它们在各种化学环境中的性质和相互作用。无论是在实验室还是在现实应用中，解离度在塑造我们对化学及其在多个学科中的影响的理解中扮演着重要角色。