coupling reaction

简明释义

偶联反应

英英释义

例句

1.A key step in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals often involves a coupling reaction (偶联反应).

制药合成中的一个关键步骤通常涉及coupling reaction（偶联反应）。

2.In organic chemistry, a common method for forming carbon-carbon bonds is through a coupling reaction (偶联反应).

在有机化学中，形成碳-碳键的一种常见方法是通过coupling reaction（偶联反应）。

3.The palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction (偶联反应) has revolutionized synthetic organic chemistry.

钯催化的coupling reaction（偶联反应）彻底改变了合成有机化学。

4.The Suzuki coupling reaction (偶联反应) is widely used in the synthesis of biaryl compounds.

铃木coupling reaction（偶联反应）广泛用于双芳烃化合物的合成。

5.Researchers are exploring new catalysts to improve the efficiency of coupling reactions (偶联反应).

研究人员正在探索新的催化剂，以提高coupling reactions（偶联反应）的效率。

作文

In the world of organic chemistry, one of the most significant processes is known as the coupling reaction. This term refers to a type of chemical reaction where two fragments, often containing carbon atoms, are joined together to form a larger, more complex molecule. The importance of coupling reaction cannot be overstated, as it plays a crucial role in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. Understanding this process is essential for chemists who aim to create new substances with desired properties.The basic principle behind a coupling reaction involves the formation of a bond between two reactants, typically facilitated by a catalyst. Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a reaction without being consumed in the process. In many cases, transition metals serve as effective catalysts for coupling reactions, allowing for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. For instance, the Suzuki coupling is a well-known reaction that enables the coupling of boronic acids with halides to form biaryl compounds. This particular reaction illustrates how coupling reactions can be used to construct complex molecular architectures.Moreover, coupling reactions are not limited to carbon-carbon bond formation. There are also coupling reactions that involve other types of atoms, such as nitrogen or oxygen. One example is the amide bond formation, which is vital in the creation of peptides and proteins. The versatility of coupling reactions makes them indispensable tools in modern synthetic chemistry.The applications of coupling reactions extend beyond the laboratory. In the pharmaceutical industry, for instance, many drugs are synthesized using these reactions. The ability to efficiently create complex molecules allows researchers to develop new medications that can target specific diseases. Furthermore, the use of coupling reactions in material science has led to the development of advanced polymers and nanomaterials, which have applications in various fields, including electronics and nanotechnology.Despite their advantages, coupling reactions can pose challenges. One of the primary concerns is the selectivity of the reaction. Chemists must carefully choose the conditions under which the reaction occurs to ensure that the desired product is formed without unwanted side reactions. Additionally, the environmental impact of certain catalysts and reagents used in coupling reactions raises questions about sustainability. As a result, ongoing research aims to develop greener alternatives that minimize waste and reduce hazardous byproducts.In conclusion, the concept of coupling reaction is fundamental to the field of organic chemistry. By enabling the formation of complex molecules, coupling reactions have revolutionized the way chemists approach synthesis in both academic and industrial settings. The continued exploration of these reactions promises to yield innovative solutions in drug discovery, materials science, and beyond. As we advance our understanding of coupling reactions, we move closer to harnessing their full potential for the benefit of society.

在有机化学的世界中，最重要的过程之一被称为耦合反应。这个术语指的是一种化学反应，其中两个片段，通常含有碳原子，被连接在一起形成一个更大、更复杂的分子。耦合反应的重要性不容小觑，因为它在合成各种有机化合物中发挥着至关重要的作用，包括药物、农用化学品和材料科学。理解这一过程对于那些希望创造具有所需特性的物质的化学家来说至关重要。耦合反应的基本原理涉及两个反应物之间的键的形成，通常由催化剂促进。催化剂是指在反应过程中加速反应速率而不被消耗的物质。在许多情况下，过渡金属作为有效的催化剂用于耦合反应，使得碳-碳键的形成成为可能。例如，铃木耦合是一种著名的反应，它能够将硼酸与卤化物耦合形成二芳基化合物。这一特定反应说明了耦合反应如何用于构建复杂的分子结构。此外，耦合反应并不限于碳-碳键的形成。还有一些涉及其他类型原子的耦合反应，例如氮或氧。一个例子是酰胺键的形成，这在肽和蛋白质的合成中至关重要。耦合反应的多样性使其成为现代合成化学中不可或缺的工具。耦合反应的应用超出了实验室。在制药行业中，例如，许多药物都是通过这些反应合成的。有效地创建复杂分子的能力使研究人员能够开发出能针对特定疾病的新药。此外，耦合反应在材料科学中的应用导致了先进聚合物和纳米材料的发展，这些材料在电子和纳米技术等多个领域中都有应用。尽管有其优势，耦合反应也可能带来挑战。主要关注的问题之一是反应的选择性。化学家必须仔细选择反应发生的条件，以确保形成所需的产物，而不会出现不必要的副反应。此外，某些催化剂和试剂在耦合反应中使用所带来的环境影响引发了对可持续性的质疑。因此，正在进行的研究旨在开发更环保的替代品，以最小化废物并减少有害副产品。总之，耦合反应的概念是有机化学领域的基础。通过使复杂分子的形成成为可能，耦合反应彻底改变了化学家在学术和工业环境中进行合成的方法。对这些反应的持续探索有望在药物发现、材料科学等领域带来创新解决方案。随着我们对耦合反应理解的深入，我们离利用其全部潜力以造福社会的目标越来越近。