coulomb barrier

简明释义

库仑位垒

英英释义

例句

1.To initiate a fusion reaction, particles must have enough energy to overcome the coulomb barrier (库仑势垒).

为了启动聚变反应，粒子必须具备足够的能量来克服库仑势垒。

2.The coulomb barrier (库仑势垒) explains why fusion reactions occur at extremely high temperatures.

库仑势垒解释了为什么聚变反应发生在极高温度下。

3.Researchers are developing methods to reduce the coulomb barrier (库仑势垒) in order to achieve more efficient energy production.

研究人员正在开发方法以降低库仑势垒，以实现更高效的能量生产。

4.The concept of the coulomb barrier (库仑势垒) is crucial in understanding stellar processes.

理解恒星过程时，库仑势垒的概念至关重要。

5.In nuclear fusion, overcoming the coulomb barrier (库仑势垒) is essential for the nuclei to combine.

在核聚变中，克服库仑势垒是核结合的关键。

作文

The concept of the coulomb barrier plays a significant role in nuclear physics, particularly in understanding how atomic nuclei interact with one another. The term refers to the energy barrier that charged particles must overcome to get close enough to each other for nuclear reactions to occur. This barrier arises due to the electrostatic repulsion between positively charged protons within the nucleus. As we delve into the intricacies of nuclear fusion and fission, it becomes clear that the coulomb barrier is a fundamental aspect that determines the feasibility of these processes.In nuclear fusion, for instance, light nuclei such as hydrogen isotopes need to collide at extremely high speeds to overcome the coulomb barrier. At room temperature, the thermal energy of these particles is insufficient to overcome this repulsive force. Therefore, achieving the conditions necessary for fusion requires immense pressure and temperature, similar to those found in the core of stars. This is why the sun can produce energy through fusion; the gravitational forces at play create an environment where the kinetic energy of the particles is high enough to surpass the coulomb barrier.On the other hand, nuclear fission involves the splitting of heavy nuclei, which also encounters the coulomb barrier. When a neutron approaches a heavy nucleus, it must overcome the repulsive force exerted by the positive charges in the nucleus. If the neutron has sufficient energy, it can penetrate this barrier and cause the nucleus to become unstable, leading to fission. This process is harnessed in nuclear reactors, where controlled fission reactions generate energy.Understanding the coulomb barrier is crucial for advancements in nuclear energy and technology. Researchers are constantly exploring methods to lower this barrier, making nuclear fusion more achievable. One promising avenue is the development of advanced confinement techniques, such as magnetic confinement in tokamaks or inertial confinement using lasers. These technologies aim to create the extreme conditions necessary to facilitate fusion reactions by effectively increasing the kinetic energy of the particles involved.Moreover, the implications of overcoming the coulomb barrier extend beyond energy production. In astrophysics, it helps explain stellar nucleosynthesis, the process by which elements are formed in stars. The energy generated from fusion reactions not only powers stars but also contributes to the creation of heavier elements, which are essential for the formation of planets and life as we know it.In conclusion, the coulomb barrier is a pivotal concept in nuclear physics that encapsulates the challenges and possibilities inherent in nuclear reactions. Whether it is in the context of harnessing energy for human use or understanding the fundamental processes that govern our universe, the significance of this barrier cannot be overstated. As scientists continue to unlock the secrets of nuclear interactions, the quest to overcome the coulomb barrier remains at the forefront of research, holding the potential to revolutionize energy production and deepen our comprehension of the cosmos.

“库仑势垒”的概念在核物理学中扮演着重要角色，尤其是在理解原子核之间的相互作用时。这个术语指的是带电粒子必须克服的能量障碍，以便能够接近彼此并发生核反应。这个障碍源于核内正电荷质子的静电排斥力。当我们深入探讨核聚变和裂变的复杂性时，很明显，库仑势垒是决定这些过程可行性的基本方面。例如，在核聚变中，轻核如氢同位素需要以极高的速度碰撞，以克服库仑势垒。在室温下，这些粒子的热能不足以克服这种排斥力。因此，实现聚变所需的条件需要巨大的压力和温度，这与恒星核心的条件相似。这就是为什么太阳能够通过聚变产生能量；由于引力的作用，创造了一个粒子动能足够高以超越库仑势垒的环境。另一方面，核裂变涉及重核的分裂，同样也会遇到库仑势垒。当一个中子接近重核时，它必须克服核内正电荷施加的排斥力。如果中子具有足够的能量，它可以穿透这个障碍，使核变得不稳定，从而导致裂变。这个过程在核反应堆中被利用，控制裂变反应产生能量。理解库仑势垒对于核能和技术的进步至关重要。研究人员不断探索降低这一障碍的方法，使核聚变更具可实现性。一条有前景的途径是开发先进的约束技术，例如托卡马克中的磁约束或使用激光的惯性约束。这些技术旨在创造促进聚变反应所需的极端条件，通过有效地增加参与粒子的动能。此外，克服库仑势垒的影响超越了能源生产。在天体物理学中，它有助于解释恒星核合成，即元素在恒星中形成的过程。聚变反应产生的能量不仅为恒星提供动力，还促成了更重元素的形成，这些元素对行星和生命的形成至关重要。总之，库仑势垒是核物理学中的一个关键概念，它概括了核反应中固有的挑战和可能性。无论是在利用能源的背景下，还是在理解支配我们宇宙的基本过程时，这个障碍的重要性都不容小觑。随着科学家们继续揭开核相互作用的秘密，克服库仑势垒的追求仍然处于研究的最前沿，具有革命化能源生产和加深我们对宇宙理解的潜力。