conjugated system

简明释义

共轭系

英英释义

例句

1.The efficiency of solar cells can be improved by incorporating a conjugated system in their design.

通过在太阳能电池的设计中加入共轭系统，可以提高其效率。

2.The conjugated system in beta-carotene is responsible for its antioxidant properties.

β-胡萝卜素中的共轭系统负责其抗氧化特性。

3.Chemists study the conjugated system to understand the electronic properties of materials.

化学家研究共轭系统以理解材料的电子特性。

4.The presence of a conjugated system in organic molecules often leads to increased stability and reactivity.

有机分子中存在的共轭系统通常会导致稳定性和反应性的增加。

5.In dyes, a conjugated system allows for the absorption of visible light, giving them their vibrant colors.

在染料中，共轭系统允许可见光的吸收，使它们呈现出鲜艳的颜色。

作文

The concept of a conjugated system is fundamental in the study of organic chemistry, particularly when discussing the properties and reactivity of various compounds. A conjugated system refers to a molecular structure where alternating single and multiple bonds occur, allowing for the delocalization of π (pi) electrons across adjacent atoms. This delocalization significantly influences the chemical behavior and physical properties of the molecules involved. One of the most common examples of a conjugated system can be seen in compounds like butadiene and benzene. In butadiene, the presence of alternating double and single bonds allows the π electrons to be shared across the entire molecule rather than being localized between two specific atoms. This results in increased stability and unique reactivity patterns compared to non-conjugated systems. Similarly, benzene, with its six carbon atoms arranged in a ring with alternating double bonds, exhibits a highly stable conjugated system. The delocalized electrons in benzene contribute to its aromaticity, a property that imparts distinct characteristics such as lower reactivity and higher stability compared to aliphatic compounds. These properties are crucial in various chemical reactions, including electrophilic aromatic substitution, where the stability of the conjugated system plays a vital role in determining the reaction pathway. The implications of conjugated systems extend beyond basic organic chemistry; they are also significant in materials science and nanotechnology. For instance, polymers that contain conjugated systems, such as polyaniline or polyacetylene, exhibit conductive properties that are exploited in electronic applications. The ability of these materials to conduct electricity is largely attributed to the movement of π electrons within their conjugated systems, making them valuable for developing organic semiconductors and other advanced materials. Moreover, understanding conjugated systems is essential in biochemistry, particularly in the study of pigments and light-absorbing molecules. Chlorophyll, the green pigment found in plants, contains a conjugated system that allows it to absorb light energy efficiently during photosynthesis. The arrangement of double bonds facilitates the absorption of specific wavelengths of light, which is critical for the energy conversion processes that sustain plant life. In conclusion, the conjugated system is a key concept in various scientific fields, influencing the properties and behaviors of numerous compounds. Its significance spans from organic chemistry to materials science and biochemistry, illustrating the interconnectedness of chemical structures and their functions. A thorough understanding of conjugated systems not only enhances our knowledge of chemical reactivity but also opens doors to innovative applications in technology and environmental science. As research continues to evolve, the importance of conjugated systems will undoubtedly remain at the forefront of scientific inquiry, leading to new discoveries and advancements in multiple disciplines.

“共轭体系”这一概念在有机化学的研究中至关重要，特别是在讨论各种化合物的性质和反应性时。“共轭体系”指的是一种分子结构，其中单键和多重键交替出现，使得π（pi）电子能够在相邻原子之间去局域化。这种去局域化显著影响了参与分子的化学行为和物理性质。一个最常见的“共轭体系”的例子可以在丁二烯和苯中看到。在丁二烯中，交替的双键和单键的存在使得π电子能够在整个分子中共享，而不是局限于两个特定原子之间。这导致了比非共轭体系更高的稳定性和独特的反应性模式。同样，苯，由六个碳原子以交替双键排列成环，展现出高度稳定的“共轭体系”。苯中的去局域化电子促成了其芳香性，这一特性赋予了它与脂肪族化合物相比的独特特性，如较低的反应性和更高的稳定性。这些特性在各种化学反应中至关重要，包括电亲核取代反应，其中“共轭体系”的稳定性在确定反应路径中发挥着重要作用。“共轭体系”的影响超越了基础有机化学，它们在材料科学和纳米技术中也具有重要意义。例如，包含“共轭体系”的聚合物，如聚苯胺或聚乙炔，展现出导电特性，这在电子应用中得到了利用。这些材料导电的能力主要归因于它们的“共轭体系”内π电子的运动，使其在开发有机半导体和其他先进材料方面具有价值。此外，理解“共轭体系”在生物化学中也是必要的，特别是在色素和光吸收分子的研究中。叶绿素，植物中发现的绿色色素，包含一个“共轭体系”，使其能够在光合作用中有效地吸收光能。双键的排列促进了特定波长光的吸收，这对于维持植物生命的能量转换过程至关重要。总之，“共轭体系”是多个科学领域的关键概念，影响着许多化合物的性质和行为。它的重要性从有机化学扩展到材料科学和生物化学，说明了化学结构及其功能之间的相互联系。对“共轭体系”的透彻理解不仅增强了我们对化学反应性的认识，还为技术和环境科学中的创新应用打开了大门。随着研究的不断发展，“共轭体系”的重要性无疑将继续处于科学探究的前沿，推动多个学科的新发现和进步。