conduction electron

简明释义

传导电子

英英释义

例句

1.When a voltage is applied, conduction electrons 导电电子 flow through the circuit, creating an electric current.

当施加电压时，导电电子 导电电子 在电路中流动，形成电流。

2.The density of conduction electrons 导电电子 in a material affects its overall conductivity.

材料中导电电子 导电电子 的密度影响其整体导电性。

3.The movement of conduction electrons 导电电子 in a semiconductor can be controlled by applying an electric field.

在半导体中，通过施加电场可以控制导电电子 导电电子 的移动。

4.At high temperatures, the number of conduction electrons 导电电子 increases, enhancing conductivity in metals.

在高温下，导电电子 导电电子 的数量增加，从而增强金属的导电性。

5.In metals, the presence of free conduction electrons 导电电子 allows for efficient electrical conductivity.

在金属中，自由的导电电子 导电电子 的存在使得电导率高效。

作文

In the realm of physics and materials science, the term conduction electron refers to the electrons that are free to move within a material, particularly in metals. These electrons play a crucial role in the conduction of electricity, as they are responsible for carrying electric charge through the material. Understanding the behavior of conduction electrons is essential for grasping how electrical conductivity works in various substances. When we consider the structure of a metal, we find that it consists of a lattice of positively charged ions surrounded by a 'sea' of conduction electrons. This unique arrangement allows the electrons to move freely throughout the lattice, enabling them to respond quickly to an applied electric field. As a result, when a voltage is applied across a metal, the conduction electrons accelerate towards the positive terminal, creating an electric current. The efficiency of this process depends on several factors, including the density of conduction electrons and the temperature of the material. For instance, in a pure metal at room temperature, there are a large number of free electrons available, which leads to high conductivity. However, as the temperature increases, the lattice vibrations become more intense, causing collisions between the conduction electrons and the ions. This results in increased resistance and reduced conductivity. Different materials exhibit varying levels of conductivity based on their electron configurations. Metals like copper and silver have a high density of conduction electrons, which makes them excellent conductors of electricity. On the other hand, insulators such as rubber or glass have very few free electrons, resulting in poor conductivity. This distinction is vital in the design of electrical circuits, where conductors and insulators must be carefully selected to ensure proper functionality. Moreover, the concept of conduction electrons extends beyond just metals. In semiconductors, the behavior of these electrons can be manipulated through doping, a process where impurities are added to alter the material's electrical properties. By introducing elements that either donate or accept electrons, we can control the concentration of free conduction electrons and thus tailor the semiconductor's conductivity for specific applications, such as in transistors and diodes. In summary, the study of conduction electrons is fundamental to our understanding of electrical conductivity in various materials. Their ability to move freely within a lattice structure allows for the efficient transfer of electric charge, making them essential for the functioning of electronic devices. As technology continues to advance, the manipulation and control of conduction electrons will remain a critical area of research, paving the way for innovations in electronics and materials science. Understanding conduction electrons not only enhances our knowledge of physics but also has practical implications in the development of new technologies that rely on efficient electrical conduction. Whether in everyday appliances or cutting-edge electronics, the role of conduction electrons cannot be overstated, as they are the unsung heroes behind the flow of electricity that powers our modern world.

在物理学和材料科学领域，术语导电电子指的是在材料中自由移动的电子，特别是在金属中。这些电子在电流的导电中扮演着至关重要的角色，因为它们负责通过材料传递电荷。理解导电电子的行为对于理解各种物质中的电导率是至关重要的。当我们考虑金属的结构时，我们发现它由一组带正电的离子晶格和一片“海洋”导电电子组成。这种独特的排列方式使得电子能够在晶格中自由移动，使其能够快速响应施加的电场。因此，当在金属两端施加电压时，导电电子会朝向正极加速，从而产生电流。这一过程的效率取决于几个因素，包括导电电子的密度和材料的温度。例如，在室温下的纯金属中，有大量自由电子可用，这导致高导电性。然而，随着温度的升高，晶格振动变得更加剧烈，导致导电电子与离子之间发生碰撞。这导致电阻增加，导电性降低。不同材料根据其电子配置表现出不同水平的导电性。像铜和银这样的金属具有高密度的导电电子，这使得它们成为优秀的电导体。而橡胶或玻璃等绝缘体则几乎没有自由电子，导致导电性差。这一区别在电路设计中至关重要，在电路中，导体和绝缘体必须被仔细选择，以确保正常功能。此外，导电电子的概念不仅限于金属。在半导体中，可以通过掺杂来操控这些电子的行为，掺杂是一种通过添加杂质来改变材料电气特性的过程。通过引入捐赠或接受电子的元素，我们可以控制自由导电电子的浓度，从而为特定应用（如晶体管和二极管）量身定制半导体的导电性。总之，研究导电电子对于我们理解各种材料中的电导率至关重要。它们在晶格结构中自由移动的能力使得电荷的有效转移成为可能，使其对电子设备的功能至关重要。随着技术的不断进步，对导电电子的操控和控制将继续成为一个关键研究领域，为电子学和材料科学的创新铺平道路。理解导电电子不仅增强了我们对物理学的认识，而且在开发依赖于高效电导的新技术方面具有实际意义。无论是在日常电器还是尖端电子产品中，导电电子的作用都不容小觑，因为它们是推动我们现代世界电流流动的无名英雄。