concentration polarization

简明释义

浓差极化

英英释义

例句

1.To minimize concentration polarization 浓度极化, proper flow management is essential in membrane reactors.

为了最小化浓度极化 concentration polarization，在膜反应器中适当的流量管理是至关重要的。

2.During the operation of fuel cells, concentration polarization 浓度极化 leads to a decrease in voltage output.

在燃料电池的运行过程中，浓度极化 concentration polarization 导致电压输出下降。

3.The study focused on how concentration polarization 浓度极化 impacts the performance of lithium-ion batteries.

这项研究集中于浓度极化 concentration polarization 如何影响锂离子电池的性能。

4.In electrochemical cells, concentration polarization 浓度极化 can significantly affect the cell's efficiency.

在电化学电池中，浓度极化 concentration polarization 可以显著影响电池的效率。

5.Engineers are developing new materials to reduce concentration polarization 浓度极化 in electrochemical systems.

工程师们正在开发新材料以减少电化学系统中的浓度极化 concentration polarization。

作文

Concentration polarization is a phenomenon that occurs in various electrochemical processes, particularly in batteries and fuel cells. It refers to the reduction in the concentration of reactants at the electrode surface during an electrochemical reaction. This effect can significantly impact the efficiency and performance of energy conversion devices. Understanding concentration polarization (浓度极化) is crucial for improving the design and operation of these systems.In electrochemical cells, when a current flows, ions must migrate to the electrode surface to participate in the reaction. However, if the rate of ion transport is slower than the rate at which they are consumed in the reaction, a depletion zone forms near the electrode surface. This leads to a lower concentration of reactants at the interface compared to the bulk solution, resulting in concentration polarization (浓度极化). The greater the current density, the more pronounced this effect becomes, which can lead to significant losses in voltage and overall efficiency.The implications of concentration polarization (浓度极化) are particularly evident in fuel cells, where hydrogen and oxygen must react to produce electricity. If the concentration of these gases decreases too much at the electrodes, the cell’s performance suffers. Engineers and scientists are continually working on methods to mitigate this issue, such as optimizing flow rates and using advanced materials that facilitate better mass transport.Moreover, concentration polarization (浓度极化) is not limited to fuel cells; it also affects the performance of batteries, especially during rapid charging and discharging cycles. In lithium-ion batteries, for instance, the movement of lithium ions between the anode and cathode can become hindered, leading to increased internal resistance and reduced capacity. By understanding the mechanisms behind concentration polarization (浓度极化), researchers can develop strategies to enhance battery performance, such as employing different electrolyte compositions or modifying electrode structures.In addition to energy applications, concentration polarization (浓度极化) plays a role in various industrial processes, including electroplating and wastewater treatment. In electroplating, maintaining the right concentration of metal ions in the solution is vital for achieving high-quality deposits. Similarly, in wastewater treatment, the efficiency of electrochemical reactors can be affected by concentration polarization (浓度极化), which may hinder the removal of contaminants.To summarize, concentration polarization (浓度极化) is a key factor influencing the efficiency of electrochemical systems. By recognizing its effects and developing methods to minimize its impact, researchers and engineers can enhance the performance of batteries, fuel cells, and other electrochemical devices. As the demand for efficient energy solutions continues to grow, a deeper understanding of concentration polarization (浓度极化) will be essential for advancing technology and meeting future energy needs.