common ion effect

简明释义

共同离子效应

英英释义

例句

1.In a laboratory experiment, students observed the common ion effect by adding ammonium chloride to a saturated solution of ammonium sulfate.

在实验室实验中，学生通过向饱和硫酸铵溶液中添加氯化铵观察到共离子效应。

2.The addition of sodium chloride to a solution of silver nitrate demonstrates the common ion effect.

向硝酸银溶液中添加氯化钠展示了共离子效应。

3.When potassium sulfate is added to a solution containing lead(II) ions, the solubility of lead sulfate decreases due to the common ion effect.

当向含有铅(II)离子的溶液中添加硫酸钾时，由于共离子效应，铅硫酸盐的溶解度降低。

4.The common ion effect can be used to explain why adding a salt can precipitate a compound from solution.

可以用共离子效应来解释为什么添加盐可以使化合物从溶液中沉淀。

5.In water treatment, the common ion effect is utilized to remove unwanted ions from solutions.

在水处理过程中，利用共离子效应去除溶液中的不需要的离子。

作文

The concept of the common ion effect is fundamental in the field of chemistry, particularly in understanding the behavior of electrolytes in solutions. This phenomenon occurs when a salt dissolves in a solution that already contains one of its constituent ions. The presence of this common ion affects the solubility of the salt, leading to a decrease in the amount of the salt that can dissolve compared to pure water. To illustrate this, consider the dissolution of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water. When NaCl is added to pure water, it dissociates completely into sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻) ions. However, if we introduce a solution that already contains sodium ions, the solubility of NaCl will decrease. This is because the equilibrium established during the dissolution process shifts due to Le Chatelier's principle, which states that a system at equilibrium will adjust to counteract any changes imposed on it.Understanding the common ion effect is crucial in various applications, including analytical chemistry and biological systems. For instance, in a laboratory setting, chemists often leverage this effect to precipitate certain compounds selectively. By adding a common ion to a solution, they can decrease the solubility of specific salts, facilitating their separation from other components in the mixture. This technique is widely employed in qualitative analysis, where the identification of ions in a solution is necessary.Moreover, the common ion effect plays a significant role in biological systems. In the human body, the regulation of ion concentrations is vital for maintaining homeostasis. For example, the kidneys filter blood and help regulate the levels of various ions, including sodium and potassium. When there is an excess of sodium in the body, the common ion effect can influence the reabsorption of other ions, affecting fluid balance and blood pressure. Thus, understanding this effect is essential for comprehending physiological processes and developing medical treatments.In addition to its practical applications, the common ion effect also serves as an excellent example of how chemical principles can be observed in everyday life. For instance, when we add salt to boiling water while cooking pasta, we are effectively increasing the concentration of sodium ions in the solution. This addition can alter the boiling point and affect the cooking process, demonstrating the interconnectedness of chemical concepts and real-world scenarios.In conclusion, the common ion effect is a pivotal concept in chemistry that illustrates how the presence of a common ion can influence the solubility of salts in a solution. Its implications extend beyond the laboratory, impacting biological systems and everyday experiences. By grasping this concept, students and professionals alike can better understand the intricate dynamics of chemical equilibria and their relevance in various fields. As we continue to explore the complexities of chemistry, the common ion effect remains a key element in our quest for knowledge and innovation in science.

“共离子效应”这一概念在化学领域中是基础性的，特别是在理解电解质在溶液中的行为方面。这一现象发生在一种盐溶解在已经含有其组成离子之一的溶液中时。共离子的存在会影响盐的溶解度，导致相对于纯水而言，盐的溶解量减少。为了说明这一点，可以考虑氯化钠（NaCl）在水中的溶解。当NaCl被加入到纯水中时，它会完全解离为钠离子（Na⁺）和氯离子（Cl⁻）。然而，如果我们引入一种已经含有钠离子的溶液，NaCl的溶解度将会降低。这是因为在溶解过程中建立的平衡由于勒沙特列原理而发生了变化，勒沙特列原理指出，处于平衡状态的系统会调整以抵消施加于它的任何变化。理解“共离子效应”在各种应用中至关重要，包括分析化学和生物系统。例如，在实验室环境中，化学家们常常利用这一效应选择性地沉淀某些化合物。通过向溶液中添加共离子，他们可以降低特定盐的溶解度，便于从混合物中分离。这种技术在定性分析中被广泛应用，在这种分析中，识别溶液中的离子是必要的。此外，“共离子效应”在生物系统中也发挥着重要作用。在人体内，离子浓度的调节对维持体内平衡至关重要。例如，肾脏过滤血液，并帮助调节各种离子的水平，包括钠和钾。当体内钠过多时，“共离子效应”可以影响其他离子的重吸收，从而影响液体平衡和血压。因此，理解这一效应对于理解生理过程和开发医疗治疗至关重要。除了其实际应用外，“共离子效应”还作为一个极好的例子，展示了化学原理如何在日常生活中被观察到。例如，当我们在煮意大利面的沸水中加入盐时，我们实际上是在增加溶液中钠离子的浓度。这一添加可以改变沸点并影响烹饪过程，展示了化学概念与现实场景之间的相互联系。总之，“共离子效应”是化学中的一个关键概念，它说明了共离子的存在如何影响盐在溶液中的溶解度。它的影响超越了实验室，对生物系统和日常体验产生影响。通过掌握这一概念，学生和专业人士可以更好地理解化学平衡的复杂动态及其在各个领域的相关性。在我们继续探索化学的复杂性时，“共离子效应”仍然是我们追求科学知识和创新的关键元素。