cohesive energy density

简明释义

内聚能密度

英英释义

例句

1.In molecular simulations, the cohesive energy density can help predict how substances interact at a microscopic level.

在分子模拟中，内聚能密度可以帮助预测物质在微观层面的相互作用。

2.The cohesive energy density plays a vital role in determining the melting point of crystalline materials.

在确定晶体材料的熔点时，内聚能密度起着至关重要的作用。

3.The calculation of the material's stability often involves its cohesive energy density, which is crucial for understanding its structural integrity.

材料稳定性的计算通常涉及其内聚能密度，这对于理解其结构完整性至关重要。

4.Researchers found that the cohesive energy density of the new alloy was significantly higher than that of traditional materials.

研究人员发现，新合金的内聚能密度显著高于传统材料。

5.Understanding the cohesive energy density is essential for designing better adhesives and sealants.

理解内聚能密度对于设计更好的粘合剂和密封剂至关重要。

作文

Cohesion is a fundamental concept in physics and materials science, referring to the intermolecular forces that hold particles together within a substance. One of the key metrics used to quantify this property is the cohesive energy density, which measures the energy required to separate particles in a material per unit volume. Understanding cohesive energy density is essential for various applications, including the design of new materials, the study of phase transitions, and the analysis of stability in chemical systems.The cohesive energy density can be thought of as a measure of how strongly the molecules within a substance are attracted to each other. In simpler terms, it indicates how much energy would be needed to break these intermolecular bonds and disperse the material into its individual components. This concept is particularly important when considering the properties of solids and liquids, as the cohesive energy density directly influences characteristics such as melting points, boiling points, and solubility.For instance, metals typically exhibit high cohesive energy density due to the strong metallic bonds that exist between their atoms. This results in metals having high melting and boiling points, making them suitable for various industrial applications. Conversely, substances with low cohesive energy density, such as gases, require much less energy to separate their molecules, which is why they have low boiling points and can easily expand to fill a container.In the context of material science, the cohesive energy density plays a crucial role in determining the mechanical properties of materials. For example, materials with high cohesive energy density tend to be more resistant to deformation and fracture, making them ideal for structural applications. On the other hand, materials with lower cohesive energy density may be more flexible and easier to mold, which can be advantageous in certain manufacturing processes.Additionally, the cohesive energy density is a vital parameter in the study of phase transitions. When a substance undergoes a phase change, such as melting or vaporization, the cohesive energy density determines how much energy must be added or removed to facilitate this transition. For example, during the melting process, the energy input must overcome the cohesive energy density of the solid phase to allow the molecules to move freely in the liquid state.Moreover, the cohesive energy density has implications in chemistry, particularly in the field of solution chemistry. It affects solubility, as substances with similar cohesive energy density values tend to dissolve in each other more readily. This principle is often summarized by the phrase "like dissolves like," indicating that polar solvents will dissolve polar solutes, while nonpolar solvents will dissolve nonpolar solutes.In conclusion, the cohesive energy density is a critical concept that provides insight into the interactions between particles in a material. By understanding this property, scientists and engineers can better predict and manipulate the behavior of materials under various conditions. Whether in designing stronger materials, predicting phase changes, or understanding solubility, the cohesive energy density remains a key factor in the study of physical sciences and engineering disciplines. The knowledge of cohesive energy density not only enhances our comprehension of material properties but also opens avenues for innovation in technology and industry.

内聚力是物理学和材料科学中的一个基本概念，指的是将物质内的粒子结合在一起的分子间力。用来量化这一特性的关键指标之一是内聚能密度，它测量的是将材料中的粒子分离所需的能量，单位为体积。理解内聚能密度对于各种应用至关重要，包括新材料的设计、相变的研究以及化学系统稳定性的分析。内聚能密度可以被视为一种衡量物质内部分子之间吸引力强度的指标。简单来说，它表示分开这些分子间的键合所需的能量。这一概念在考虑固体和液体的特性时尤为重要，因为内聚能密度直接影响熔点、沸点和溶解度等特性。例如，金属通常表现出高内聚能密度，因为其原子之间存在强大的金属键。这导致金属具有高熔点和沸点，使其适合用于各种工业应用。相反，具有低内聚能密度的物质（如气体）需要的能量要少得多才能分开其分子，这就是为什么它们具有低沸点并且能够轻易扩展以填充容器。在材料科学的背景下，内聚能密度在决定材料的机械性能方面发挥着关键作用。例如，具有高内聚能密度的材料往往对变形和断裂更具抵抗力，使其在结构应用中理想。而具有较低内聚能密度的材料可能更灵活，更容易成型，这在某些制造过程中可能是有利的。此外，内聚能密度是相变研究中的一个重要参数。当物质经历相变，如熔化或气化时，内聚能密度决定了为促进这一转变必须添加或去除多少能量。例如，在熔化过程中，输入的能量必须克服固态的内聚能密度，以允许分子自由地移动到液态。此外，内聚能密度在化学领域，特别是在溶液化学中也有重要意义。它影响溶解度，因为具有相似内聚能密度值的物质往往更容易相互溶解。这一原理常常用“相似的东西相互溶解”来总结，表明极性溶剂会溶解极性溶质，而非极性溶剂则会溶解非极性溶质。总之，内聚能密度是一个关键概念，为我们提供了对材料中粒子相互作用的深刻见解。通过理解这一特性，科学家和工程师可以更好地预测和操控材料在各种条件下的行为。无论是在设计更强的材料、预测相变还是理解溶解度方面，内聚能密度始终是物理科学和工程学科研究中的关键因素。对内聚能密度的了解不仅增强了我们对材料特性的理解，也为技术和工业的创新开辟了新的途径。