cohesive energy

简明释义

内聚能

英英释义

例句

1.The cohesive energy in a liquid determines its surface tension.

液体中的内聚能决定了其表面张力。

2.The cohesive energy of water molecules allows them to form droplets.

水分子的内聚能使它们能够形成水滴。

3.In materials science, understanding the cohesive energy is crucial for developing stronger composites.

在材料科学中，理解内聚能对于开发更强的复合材料至关重要。

4.Researchers measured the cohesive energy of different polymers to determine their suitability for various applications.

研究人员测量了不同聚合物的内聚能以确定其适用于各种应用的能力。

5.The high cohesive energy of metals contributes to their durability.

金属的高内聚能有助于其耐用性。

作文

Cohesion is a fundamental property of matter that plays a crucial role in the behavior of substances at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. One of the key concepts associated with cohesion is cohesive energy, which refers to the energy required to separate molecules in a substance. This energy is a manifestation of the attractive forces that hold the molecules together, and understanding it is essential for various scientific fields, including chemistry, physics, and materials science.To better understand cohesive energy, consider the example of water. Water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds, a type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs between the positive end of one water molecule and the negative end of another. The cohesive energy of water is relatively high compared to other liquids, which means that it takes a significant amount of energy to break these bonds and separate the molecules. This property is responsible for several important phenomena, such as water's high surface tension, which allows small insects to walk on its surface without sinking.In addition to water, cohesive energy can be observed in other substances as well. For instance, in metals, the cohesive forces between atoms contribute to their structural integrity and strength. The cohesive energy in metals arises from metallic bonding, where electrons are shared among a lattice of positively charged ions. This strong attraction between the metal ions and the delocalized electrons results in a high cohesive energy, making metals good conductors of heat and electricity.Understanding cohesive energy is also vital in the field of materials science. Engineers and scientists often manipulate the cohesive properties of materials to create composites with desirable characteristics. By altering the cohesive energy through chemical treatments or the addition of other substances, they can enhance the durability, flexibility, or thermal resistance of a material. For example, adding certain polymers to concrete can improve its tensile strength by modifying its cohesive energy.Moreover, the concept of cohesive energy extends beyond physical sciences into biological systems. In biology, the cohesive energy of cell membranes plays a critical role in maintaining the structure and function of cells. The lipid bilayer of cell membranes exhibits cohesion due to the interactions between lipid molecules, which is essential for protecting the cell and regulating the movement of substances in and out of it.In conclusion, cohesive energy is a vital concept that helps explain the interactions and behaviors of various substances. From the water we drink to the metals we use in construction, understanding the cohesive energy of materials allows us to harness their properties for practical applications. As we continue to explore the intricacies of matter, the significance of cohesive energy will undoubtedly remain a key area of study, influencing advancements in technology, medicine, and environmental science.

结合物质的基本性质，凝聚力在宏观和微观层面的行为中发挥着至关重要的作用。与凝聚力相关的一个关键概念是凝聚能，它指的是分离物质中分子的所需能量。这种能量是将分子结合在一起的吸引力的表现，理解它对于化学、物理和材料科学等多个科学领域至关重要。为了更好地理解凝聚能，可以考虑水的例子。水分子通过氢键相互连接，这是一种发生在一个水分子的正端与另一个水分子的负端之间的偶极-偶极相互作用。水的凝聚能相对较高，这意味着打破这些键并分离分子需要相当大的能量。这一特性负责了几个重要现象，例如水的高表面张力，这使得小昆虫能够在水面上行走而不会沉没。除了水，其他物质中也可以观察到凝聚能。例如，在金属中，原子之间的凝聚力有助于其结构完整性和强度。金属中的凝聚能源于金属键，其中电子在带正电的离子晶格之间共享。这种金属离子与离域电子之间的强吸引力导致高凝聚能，使金属成为良好的热和电导体。理解凝聚能在材料科学领域也是至关重要的。工程师和科学家经常操纵材料的凝聚特性，以创造具有理想特性的复合材料。通过化学处理或添加其他物质来改变凝聚能，可以增强材料的耐久性、柔韧性或热阻。例如，在混凝土中添加某些聚合物可以通过改变其凝聚能来提高其抗拉强度。此外，凝聚能的概念不仅限于物理科学，还扩展到生物系统。在生物学中，细胞膜的凝聚能在维持细胞的结构和功能中发挥着关键作用。细胞膜的脂质双层由于脂质分子之间的相互作用而表现出凝聚性，这对于保护细胞和调节物质进出细胞至关重要。总之，凝聚能是一个重要的概念，有助于解释各种物质的相互作用和行为。从我们饮用的水到用于建筑的金属，理解材料的凝聚能使我们能够利用它们的特性进行实际应用。随着我们继续探索物质的复杂性，凝聚能的重要性无疑将继续成为研究的关键领域，影响技术、医学和环境科学的进步。