cis isomerism

简明释义

顺式异构

英英释义

例句

1.In fatty acids, cis isomerism 顺式异构现象 leads to different physical properties compared to trans isomers.

在脂肪酸中，cis isomerism 顺式异构现象 与反式异构体相比，导致不同的物理性质。

2.Chemists often use models to illustrate cis isomerism 顺式异构现象 in various molecular structures.

化学家们常常使用模型来说明各种分子结构中的cis isomerism 顺式异构现象。

3.In organic chemistry, understanding cis isomerism 顺式异构现象 is crucial for predicting the properties of certain compounds.

在有机化学中，理解cis isomerism 顺式异构现象 对于预测某些化合物的性质至关重要。

4.The presence of cis isomerism 顺式异构现象 can influence the reactivity of certain organic compounds.

存在cis isomerism 顺式异构现象 会影响某些有机化合物的反应性。

5.The cis isomerism 顺式异构现象 in alkenes can significantly affect their boiling points.

烯烃中的cis isomerism 顺式异构现象 可以显著影响它们的沸点。

作文

Cis isomerism, or 顺式异构现象, is a fascinating concept in the field of chemistry that deals with the spatial arrangement of atoms within a molecule. This type of isomerism occurs when two identical or similar groups are positioned on the same side of a double bond or a ring structure in a compound. Understanding cis isomerism is crucial for chemists as it has significant implications for the physical and chemical properties of substances.To illustrate this concept, let’s consider the example of butene, which can exist in two forms: cis-butene and trans-butene. In cis-butene, the two methyl groups (–CH3) are located on the same side of the double bond, while in trans-butene, they are on opposite sides. This seemingly minor difference in arrangement leads to distinct physical properties. For instance, cis-butene has a lower boiling point compared to its trans counterpart due to the presence of dipole-dipole interactions in the cis configuration, which are absent in the trans form. This example highlights how cis isomerism can influence the behavior of molecules in different environments.The importance of cis isomerism extends beyond simple hydrocarbons. It plays a critical role in biological systems as well. Many natural compounds, such as fatty acids, exhibit cis and trans configurations. For example, oleic acid, a common fatty acid found in olive oil, has a cis configuration, which contributes to its liquid state at room temperature. In contrast, trans fatty acids, which can be found in partially hydrogenated oils, have been linked to various health issues, including heart disease. Thus, understanding cis isomerism not only aids in the study of organic chemistry but also has real-world applications in nutrition and health.Moreover, cis isomerism is also significant in the development of pharmaceuticals. The efficacy and safety of many drugs can be influenced by their geometric isomers. For instance, the drug thalidomide was marketed in the 1950s as a sedative, but its cis isomerism led to severe birth defects when taken by pregnant women. This tragic outcome underscored the need for rigorous testing of isomers in drug development.In conclusion, cis isomerism is an essential aspect of chemistry that affects not only the properties of molecules but also their behavior in biological and pharmaceutical contexts. By understanding the implications of cis isomerism, chemists can better predict how substances will react, how they can be utilized in various applications, and how they may impact health. As we continue to explore the complexities of molecular structures, the study of isomerism remains a vital area of research that bridges the gap between theoretical chemistry and practical applications in our daily lives.

顺式异构现象是化学领域中的一个迷人概念，涉及分子内部原子的空间排列。这种异构现象发生在两个相同或相似的基团位于化合物的双键或环结构的同一侧时。理解顺式异构现象对化学家至关重要，因为它对物质的物理和化学性质具有重要影响。为了说明这一概念，我们以丁烯为例，它可以存在两种形式：顺丁烯和反丁烯。在顺丁烯中，两个甲基基团（–CH3）位于双键的同一侧，而在反丁烯中，它们位于相对侧。这种看似微小的排列差异导致了明显不同的物理性质。例如，顺丁烯的沸点低于其反异构体，这是由于顺式构型中存在的偶极-偶极相互作用，而在反构型中则不存在。这一例子突显了顺式异构现象如何影响分子在不同环境中的行为。顺式异构现象的重要性不仅仅局限于简单的烃类化合物。它在生物系统中也发挥着关键作用。许多天然化合物，如脂肪酸，表现出顺式和反式构型。例如，油酸是一种常见的脂肪酸，存在于橄榄油中，具有顺式构型，这使得它在室温下呈液态。相比之下，反式脂肪酸可以在部分氢化油中找到，已被与多种健康问题相关联，包括心脏病。因此，理解顺式异构现象不仅有助于有机化学的研究，还有助于营养和健康的实际应用。此外，顺式异构现象在药物开发中也具有重要意义。许多药物的有效性和安全性可能受到其几何异构体的影响。例如，沙利度胺在20世纪50年代作为镇静剂上市，但其顺式异构现象导致孕妇服用后出现严重的出生缺陷。这一悲剧结果强调了在药物开发中对异构体进行严格测试的必要性。总之，顺式异构现象是化学的一个基本方面，不仅影响分子的性质，还影响它们在生物和药物背景下的行为。通过理解顺式异构现象的影响，化学家可以更好地预测物质的反应方式、如何在各种应用中利用这些物质，以及它们可能对健康产生的影响。随着我们继续探索分子结构的复杂性，异构现象的研究仍然是一个重要的研究领域，连接了理论化学与我们日常生活中的实际应用。