buffer capacity

简明释义

缓冲能力

英英释义

例句

1.In environmental science, the buffer capacity of soil determines its ability to neutralize acids.

在环境科学中，土壤的缓冲能力决定了其中和酸的能力。

2.An increase in the buffer capacity can improve the efficiency of biochemical reactions.

增加缓冲能力可以提高生化反应的效率。

3.The buffer capacity of the lake helps protect aquatic life from sudden changes in water chemistry.

湖泊的缓冲能力帮助保护水生生物免受水化学成分突变的影响。

4.To ensure accurate results, we need to measure the buffer capacity of our reagents.

为了确保结果准确，我们需要测量试剂的缓冲能力。

5.The buffer capacity of this solution is essential for maintaining a stable pH level.

这个溶液的缓冲能力对于维持稳定的pH值至关重要。

作文

In the realm of chemistry, the concept of buffer capacity plays a crucial role in understanding how solutions resist changes in pH when acids or bases are added. Essentially, buffer capacity refers to the ability of a buffer solution to maintain its pH level within a certain range despite the addition of small amounts of acid or base. This property is vital in many biological and chemical processes, where even slight fluctuations in pH can lead to significant consequences. For instance, human blood maintains a pH between 7.35 and 7.45, and its buffer capacity is essential for keeping this balance, ensuring that metabolic processes function optimally.Buffer solutions typically consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. When an acid is introduced to the solution, the weak base present in the buffer will react with the added hydrogen ions, thereby minimizing the change in pH. Conversely, if a base is added, the weak acid in the buffer will donate protons to neutralize the hydroxide ions. This dynamic equilibrium allows buffers to effectively stabilize pH levels, which is particularly important in biological systems where enzymes and other biochemical reactions require specific pH conditions to operate efficiently.The effectiveness of a buffer solution is quantified by its buffer capacity, which depends on two main factors: the concentration of the buffering agents and the pH of the solution relative to the pKa of the weak acid or base involved. A higher concentration of buffering agents results in a greater buffer capacity, allowing the solution to absorb more added acid or base without significant changes in pH. Moreover, the closer the pH of the solution is to the pKa of the weak acid or base, the more effective the buffer will be, as it can better resist changes in pH.In practical applications, understanding buffer capacity is not only important in laboratory settings but also in various industries such as pharmaceuticals, environmental science, and food production. For example, in drug formulation, maintaining the proper pH is critical for the stability and efficacy of medications. Similarly, in aquatic environments, the buffer capacity of water bodies can influence the health of aquatic life by regulating the pH levels necessary for their survival.In conclusion, the concept of buffer capacity is integral to both theoretical and practical aspects of chemistry and biology. By comprehending how buffer solutions work and their ability to maintain stable pH levels, we can appreciate their significance in various scientific fields. The implications of buffer capacity extend beyond the laboratory, impacting our understanding of biological processes, environmental health, and industrial applications. As we continue to explore the intricacies of chemical interactions, the role of buffer capacity remains a fundamental topic deserving of further study and consideration.

在化学领域，缓冲容量的概念在理解溶液如何抵抗添加酸或碱时pH值变化方面发挥着至关重要的作用。基本上，缓冲容量是指缓冲溶液在添加少量酸或碱时保持其pH值在某一范围内的能力。这一特性在许多生物和化学过程中至关重要，因为即使是微小的pH波动也会导致显著的后果。例如，人类血液的pH值维持在7.35到7.45之间，而其缓冲容量对于保持这种平衡至关重要，确保代谢过程的最佳运行。缓冲溶液通常由弱酸及其共轭碱或弱碱及其共轭酸组成。当酸被引入溶液时，缓冲中存在的弱碱将与添加的氢离子反应，从而最小化pH的变化。相反，如果添加了碱，缓冲中的弱酸将捐赠质子以中和氢氧根离子。这种动态平衡使缓冲剂能够有效地稳定pH水平，这在生物系统中特别重要，因为酶和其他生化反应需要特定的pH条件才能有效运作。缓冲溶液的有效性通过其缓冲容量进行量化，这取决于两个主要因素：缓冲剂的浓度以及溶液的pH相对于涉及的弱酸或弱碱的pKa值。缓冲剂的浓度越高，缓冲容量就越大，使得溶液能够在不显著改变pH的情况下吸收更多的添加酸或碱。此外，溶液的pH越接近弱酸或弱碱的pKa值，缓冲效果就越好，因为它能够更好地抵抗pH变化。在实际应用中，理解缓冲容量不仅在实验室环境中重要，而且在制药、环境科学和食品生产等各个行业中也至关重要。例如，在药物配方中，保持适当的pH对药物的稳定性和有效性至关重要。同样，在水体环境中，水体的缓冲容量可以影响水生生物的健康，通过调节它们生存所需的pH水平。总之，缓冲容量的概念对化学和生物学的理论和实践方面都是不可或缺的。通过理解缓冲溶液的工作原理及其保持稳定pH水平的能力，我们可以欣赏它们在各种科学领域的重要性。缓冲容量的影响超越了实验室，影响着我们对生物过程、环境健康和工业应用的理解。随着我们继续探索化学相互作用的复杂性，缓冲容量的作用仍然是一个值得进一步研究和关注的基础主题。