average molecular weight

简明释义

平均分子量

英英释义

例句

1.In biochemistry, the average molecular weight of proteins can affect their function.

在生物化学中，蛋白质的平均分子量会影响其功能。

2.To calculate the average molecular weight, you need to know the mass and number of each type of molecule.

要计算平均分子量，你需要知道每种分子的质量和数量。

3.The average molecular weight of a gas can influence its diffusion rate.

气体的平均分子量会影响其扩散速率。

4.The average molecular weight of the polymer determines its viscosity in solution.

聚合物的平均分子量决定了其在溶液中的粘度。

5.When designing drugs, scientists consider the average molecular weight for optimal absorption.

在设计药物时，科学家考虑平均分子量以实现最佳吸收。

作文

The concept of average molecular weight plays a crucial role in the field of chemistry and material science. It serves as a fundamental indicator that helps scientists and engineers understand the properties of different substances. In essence, average molecular weight refers to the mean mass of the molecules in a given sample, calculated by taking into account the mass of each type of molecule present and their respective abundances. This measurement is particularly important when dealing with polymers, proteins, and various chemical compounds, as it influences their behavior, stability, and interactions with other materials.To grasp the significance of average molecular weight, one must first comprehend how it is calculated. The calculation involves determining the mass of individual molecules and then averaging these values based on their occurrence in the sample. For instance, if a polymer consists of several types of monomers, each with a distinct molecular weight, the average molecular weight will reflect the contribution of each monomer according to its frequency in the polymer chain. This averaging process allows researchers to gain insights into the overall characteristics of the material.In practical applications, knowing the average molecular weight can help predict how a substance will behave under various conditions. For example, in the pharmaceutical industry, the average molecular weight of a drug can affect its solubility, absorption rate, and effectiveness. A drug with a lower average molecular weight might be absorbed more quickly in the body, leading to faster therapeutic effects. Conversely, a higher average molecular weight might result in a slower release, which could be beneficial for sustained medication delivery.Furthermore, in polymer science, the average molecular weight can significantly influence the physical properties of the material, such as tensile strength, elasticity, and viscosity. Polymers with high average molecular weight tend to exhibit greater strength and durability, making them suitable for applications that require robust materials. On the other hand, low average molecular weight polymers may offer better flow properties, which are desirable in processes like injection molding.Additionally, the average molecular weight can also impact the environmental behavior of materials. For instance, biodegradable plastics with a lower average molecular weight may degrade more quickly in natural environments compared to those with a higher average molecular weight. This characteristic is essential for developing sustainable materials that minimize environmental impact.In conclusion, the understanding of average molecular weight is vital across various scientific disciplines. It not only aids in the characterization of materials but also provides insights into their potential applications and behaviors. As research continues to evolve, the importance of accurately measuring and interpreting average molecular weight will remain a cornerstone in advancing technology and improving product performance. Thus, both students and professionals in the field must prioritize mastering this concept to contribute effectively to their respective areas of expertise.

“平均分子量”这一概念在化学和材料科学领域中发挥着至关重要的作用。它作为一个基本指标，帮助科学家和工程师理解不同物质的性质。简单来说，“平均分子量”是指在给定样本中，分子的平均质量，通过考虑每种类型分子的质量及其相应的丰度来计算。这一测量在处理聚合物、蛋白质和各种化合物时尤为重要，因为它影响着这些物质的行为、稳定性以及与其他材料的相互作用。要理解“平均分子量”的重要性，首先必须明白它是如何计算的。计算涉及确定单个分子的质量，然后根据它们在样本中的出现频率对这些值进行平均。例如，如果一个聚合物由几种类型的单体组成，每种单体具有不同的分子量，那么“平均分子量”将反映每种单体根据其在聚合物链中的频率所做的贡献。这种平均过程使研究人员能够深入了解材料的整体特性。在实际应用中，了解“平均分子量”可以帮助预测物质在各种条件下的行为。例如，在制药行业中，药物的“平均分子量”可能会影响其溶解度、吸收速率和有效性。较低“平均分子量”的药物可能在体内被更快吸收，从而导致更快的治疗效果。相反，较高“平均分子量”的药物可能导致释放速度较慢，这对于持续药物输送可能是有益的。此外，在聚合物科学中，“平均分子量”对材料的物理性质，如拉伸强度、弹性和粘度，具有显著影响。具有高“平均分子量”的聚合物通常表现出更大的强度和耐久性，使其适合于需要坚固材料的应用。另一方面，低“平均分子量”的聚合物可能提供更好的流动性，这在注塑成型等工艺中是可取的。此外，“平均分子量”还可能影响材料的环境行为。例如，具有较低“平均分子量”的可生物降解塑料可能在自然环境中更快降解，而那些具有较高“平均分子量”的塑料则可能降解较慢。这一特性对于开发可持续材料以减少环境影响至关重要。总之，理解“平均分子量”在各个科学学科中都是至关重要的。它不仅有助于材料的表征，还提供了对其潜在应用和行为的深入见解。随着研究的不断发展，准确测量和解释“平均分子量”的重要性将继续成为推动技术进步和改善产品性能的基石。因此，领域内的学生和专业人士必须优先掌握这一概念，以有效地为各自的专业领域做出贡献。