aminoglycoside antibiotics

简明释义

氨基糖苷类抗生物素

英英释义

例句

1.Patients receiving aminoglycoside antibiotics should be monitored for potential kidney damage.

接受氨基糖苷类抗生素治疗的患者应监测潜在的肾损伤。

2.The doctor prescribed aminoglycoside antibiotics to treat the patient's severe bacterial infection.

医生开了氨基糖苷类抗生素来治疗病人严重的细菌感染。

3.The use of aminoglycoside antibiotics is often reserved for serious infections due to their potential side effects.

由于潜在的副作用，氨基糖苷类抗生素的使用通常仅限于严重感染。

4.In some cases, aminoglycoside antibiotics may be combined with other antibiotics for enhanced effectiveness.

在某些情况下，氨基糖苷类抗生素可能与其他抗生素联合使用以增强效果。

5.Common examples of aminoglycoside antibiotics include gentamicin and tobramycin.

常见的氨基糖苷类抗生素包括庆大霉素和托布霉素。

作文

Aminoglycoside antibiotics are a class of medications that are primarily used to treat serious bacterial infections. They are particularly effective against Gram-negative bacteria and some Gram-positive bacteria. These antibiotics work by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, which ultimately leads to the death of the bacteria. Common examples of aminoglycoside antibiotics (氨基糖苷类抗生素) include gentamicin, amikacin, and tobramycin. One of the reasons these antibiotics are so important in modern medicine is their effectiveness in treating infections caused by multi-drug resistant organisms.The mechanism of action of aminoglycoside antibiotics (氨基糖苷类抗生素) involves binding to the bacterial ribosome, specifically the 30S subunit. This binding interferes with the translation process of mRNA into proteins, which is crucial for bacterial growth and reproduction. As a result, the bacteria cannot produce the proteins necessary for their survival, leading to cell death. However, it is important to note that these antibiotics are usually only effective in aerobic bacteria, as they require oxygen for uptake into the bacterial cell.Despite their effectiveness, the use of aminoglycoside antibiotics (氨基糖苷类抗生素) is often limited due to potential side effects. One of the most significant concerns is nephrotoxicity, which refers to kidney damage. Patients receiving these antibiotics must be monitored closely for signs of kidney impairment. Additionally, ototoxicity, or damage to the ear, can occur, leading to hearing loss or balance issues. Therefore, healthcare providers must weigh the benefits and risks when prescribing these medications.In clinical practice, aminoglycoside antibiotics (氨基糖苷类抗生素) are often used in combination with other antibiotics to enhance their effectiveness and broaden the spectrum of activity. For example, they may be paired with beta-lactam antibiotics to treat severe infections such as sepsis or pneumonia. This combination therapy takes advantage of the synergistic effects of the different classes of antibiotics, allowing for more effective treatment outcomes.The development of resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics (氨基糖苷类抗生素) is a growing concern in the medical community. Bacteria can develop mechanisms to evade the effects of these drugs, such as modifying the antibiotic molecule or altering the target site on the ribosome. This resistance can lead to treatment failures and limit the options available for managing infections. Therefore, ongoing research is essential to understand the mechanisms of resistance and to develop new strategies for combating resistant bacterial strains.In conclusion, aminoglycoside antibiotics (氨基糖苷类抗生素) play a critical role in the treatment of serious bacterial infections. Their unique mechanism of action and effectiveness against resistant bacteria make them valuable tools in the fight against infectious diseases. However, their potential side effects and the emergence of resistance highlight the need for careful use and continuous monitoring. As we advance in our understanding of these antibiotics and bacterial resistance, we can better utilize aminoglycoside antibiotics (氨基糖苷类抗生素) to improve patient outcomes and combat infections effectively.

氨基糖苷类抗生素是一类主要用于治疗严重细菌感染的药物。它们对革兰氏阴性菌和一些革兰氏阳性菌特别有效。这些抗生素通过抑制细菌蛋白质合成来起作用，最终导致细菌死亡。常见的氨基糖苷类抗生素包括庆大霉素、阿米卡星和托布霉素。这些抗生素在现代医学中如此重要的原因之一是它们在治疗多重耐药有机体引起的感染方面的有效性。氨基糖苷类抗生素的作用机制涉及与细菌核糖体结合，特别是30S亚单位。这种结合干扰了mRNA转化为蛋白质的翻译过程，而蛋白质对于细菌的生长和繁殖至关重要。因此，细菌无法产生生存所需的蛋白质，导致细胞死亡。然而，重要的是要注意，这些抗生素通常只对需氧细菌有效，因为它们需要氧气才能进入细菌细胞。尽管氨基糖苷类抗生素非常有效，但由于潜在的副作用，其使用往往受到限制。最显著的担忧之一是肾毒性，指的是肾脏损伤。接受这些抗生素的患者必须密切监测肾功能受损的迹象。此外，耳毒性或耳朵损伤也可能发生，导致听力丧失或平衡问题。因此，医疗提供者在开处方时必须权衡益处和风险。在临床实践中，氨基糖苷类抗生素通常与其他抗生素联合使用，以增强其效果并扩大活性谱。例如，它们可能与β-内酰胺抗生素联合使用，以治疗严重感染，如脓毒症或肺炎。这种联合疗法利用不同类抗生素的协同效应，从而实现更有效的治疗结果。对氨基糖苷类抗生素的耐药性的发展在医学界日益受到关注。细菌可以发展出逃避这些药物影响的机制，例如修饰抗生素分子或改变核糖体上的靶位点。这种耐药性可能导致治疗失败，并限制管理感染的选择。因此，持续的研究对于了解耐药机制和开发新的对抗耐药细菌株的策略至关重要。总之，氨基糖苷类抗生素在治疗严重细菌感染中发挥着关键作用。它们独特的作用机制和对耐药细菌的有效性使它们成为对抗传染病的重要工具。然而，它们的潜在副作用和耐药性的出现突显了谨慎使用和持续监测的必要性。随着我们对这些抗生素和细菌耐药性的理解不断深入，我们可以更好地利用氨基糖苷类抗生素以改善患者预后并有效对抗感染。