amino terminal

简明释义

氨基末端

英英释义

例句

1.Researchers are studying the modifications at the amino terminal 氨基末端 to enhance protein stability.

研究人员正在研究对氨基末端的修饰，以增强蛋白质的稳定性。

2.In genetic engineering, the amino terminal 氨基末端 sequence is often modified to improve expression levels.

在基因工程中，通常会修改氨基末端序列以提高表达水平。

3.The amino terminal 氨基末端 of the peptide was found to influence its binding affinity.

发现该肽的氨基末端会影响其结合亲和力。

4.The team focused on the amino terminal 氨基末端 region of the protein for their experimental design.

团队将实验设计集中在蛋白质的氨基末端区域。

5.The protein analysis revealed that the amino terminal 氨基末端 of the enzyme is crucial for its activity.

蛋白质分析显示，该酶的氨基末端对其活性至关重要。

作文

The structure of proteins is fundamental to understanding their function in biological systems. One of the key components of protein structure is the presence of two distinct ends: the carboxyl terminal and the amino terminal. The amino terminal (also known as the N-terminus) refers to the end of a protein or polypeptide chain that has a free amino group (-NH2). This terminal plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins, as it is where the polypeptide begins to form during translation in ribosomes. When a protein is synthesized, the ribosome starts translating the mRNA at the start codon, which corresponds to the amino terminal. This means that the sequence of amino acids is built from the amino terminal towards the carboxyl terminal (C-terminus), resulting in a specific arrangement that determines the protein's final shape and function. The order of amino acids in a protein is dictated by the genetic code, and each protein has a unique sequence that is essential for its activity.The significance of the amino terminal extends beyond mere structural characteristics; it also influences the protein's stability, localization, and interaction with other molecules. For instance, post-translational modifications can occur at the amino terminal, such as acetylation or methylation, which can alter the protein's properties and functionality. These modifications can affect how the protein folds, how it interacts with other cellular components, and its overall lifespan in the cell.Additionally, the amino terminal can serve as a signal for cellular transport. Many proteins contain signal peptides at their amino terminal that direct them to specific locations within the cell or outside of it. For example, proteins destined for secretion often have a hydrophobic signal sequence at their amino terminal that guides them through the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus before being released into the extracellular environment.In summary, the amino terminal is not just a structural feature of proteins but a critical determinant of their function and behavior within biological systems. Understanding the role of the amino terminal allows scientists to better comprehend how proteins operate and interact in living organisms. As research continues to advance, insights into the complexities of protein structure, including the importance of the amino terminal, will undoubtedly lead to new discoveries in fields such as biochemistry, molecular biology, and medicine.

蛋白质的结构对于理解它们在生物系统中的功能至关重要。蛋白质结构的一个关键组成部分是存在两个不同的末端：羧基末端和氨基末端。氨基末端（也称为N-末端）是指具有游离氨基团（-NH2）的蛋白质或多肽链的末端。这个末端在蛋白质的合成中起着至关重要的作用，因为它是在核糖体翻译过程中形成多肽的开始。当蛋白质被合成时，核糖体从起始密码子开始翻译mRNA，这对应于氨基末端。这意味着氨基酸的序列是从氨基末端向羧基末端（C-末端）构建的，形成特定的排列，这决定了蛋白质的最终形状和功能。蛋白质中氨基酸的顺序由遗传密码决定，每种蛋白质都有独特的序列，这对其活性至关重要。氨基末端的重要性超越了单纯的结构特征；它还影响蛋白质的稳定性、定位和与其他分子的相互作用。例如，后转录修饰可以发生在氨基末端，如乙酰化或甲基化，这可以改变蛋白质的属性和功能。这些修饰可以影响蛋白质的折叠方式、与其他细胞成分的相互作用及其在细胞中的整体寿命。此外，氨基末端可以作为细胞运输的信号。许多蛋白质在其氨基末端上含有信号肽，指引它们到达细胞内或外部的特定位置。例如，目标为分泌的蛋白质通常在其氨基末端上具有疏水性信号序列，引导它们通过内质网和高尔基体，然后释放到细胞外环境中。总之，氨基末端不仅是蛋白质的结构特征，也是决定其在生物系统中功能和行为的关键因素。理解氨基末端的作用使科学家能够更好地理解蛋白质在活生物体中的运作和相互作用。随着研究的不断进展，对蛋白质结构复杂性的深入了解，包括氨基末端的重要性，无疑将导致生物化学、分子生物学和医学等领域的新发现。