vibrational spectrum

简明释义

振动光谱

英英释义

例句

1.The 振动光谱 of this polymer indicates its thermal stability.

该聚合物的振动光谱表明其热稳定性。

2.Using infrared spectroscopy, we can observe the 振动光谱 of various compounds.

通过红外光谱法，我们可以观察到各种化合物的振动光谱。

3.The 振动光谱 provides insights into the bonding and interactions within the molecule.

该振动光谱提供了关于分子内键合和相互作用的见解。

4.The scientist analyzed the material's 振动光谱 to determine its molecular structure.

科学家分析了材料的振动光谱以确定其分子结构。

5.By studying the 振动光谱, researchers can identify unknown substances.

通过研究振动光谱，研究人员可以识别未知物质。

作文

The concept of the vibrational spectrum is fundamental in understanding the behavior of molecules and their interactions with light. In the field of spectroscopy, the vibrational spectrum refers to the range of frequencies associated with the vibrations of the bonds within a molecule. Each molecule has a unique vibrational spectrum, which serves as a fingerprint that can be used to identify its presence and concentration in a sample. This characteristic is due to the fact that different bonds vibrate at specific frequencies depending on factors such as bond strength and mass of the atoms involved.When light interacts with a molecule, it can be absorbed or scattered. The absorbed light energy can cause the bonds within the molecule to vibrate at their natural frequencies. This interaction results in a distinct pattern of absorption peaks in the vibrational spectrum. By analyzing these peaks, scientists can gain insights into the molecular structure and dynamics of the substance being studied.The applications of vibrational spectrum analysis are vast and varied. In chemistry, it is used to determine the composition of unknown substances by comparing their vibrational spectra to those of known compounds. In environmental science, it can help identify pollutants in air or water samples. Furthermore, in medicine, vibrational spectrum techniques are employed to study biological molecules, aiding in the development of new drugs and therapies.One of the most common methods for obtaining a vibrational spectrum is infrared (IR) spectroscopy. In this technique, infrared light is passed through a sample, and the resulting absorption spectrum is recorded. The peaks in the IR spectrum correspond to the vibrational modes of the molecular bonds. For example, a strong peak in the IR spectrum at around 1700 cm-1 typically indicates the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) in organic compounds.Another technique used to analyze vibrational spectra is Raman spectroscopy. Unlike IR spectroscopy, which relies on the absorption of light, Raman spectroscopy measures the scattering of light. When monochromatic light interacts with a molecule, most of it is elastically scattered, but a small fraction is inelastically scattered, leading to a shift in energy that provides information about the vibrational spectrum of the molecule. This method is particularly useful for studying non-polar molecules that do not have strong IR active modes.In conclusion, the vibrational spectrum is an essential tool in the scientific community, providing valuable information about the molecular characteristics and behaviors of various substances. Its applications span numerous fields, including chemistry, environmental science, and medicine. Understanding and mastering the concept of the vibrational spectrum opens doors to advancements in research and technology, making it a critical area of study for scientists and researchers alike.

“振动光谱”的概念在理解分子行为及其与光的相互作用中是基础性的。在光谱学领域，振动光谱指的是与分子内键的振动相关的频率范围。每种分子都有独特的振动光谱，这作为一种指纹可以用来识别其在样品中的存在和浓度。这一特性是因为不同的键根据键强度和参与原子的质量等因素以特定频率振动。当光与分子相互作用时，它可以被吸收或散射。吸收的光能量可以使分子内的键以其自然频率振动。这种相互作用导致在振动光谱中出现独特的吸收峰模式。通过分析这些峰，科学家可以深入了解所研究物质的分子结构和动态特性。振动光谱分析的应用广泛而多样。在化学中，它用于通过将未知物质的振动光谱与已知化合物的进行比较来确定其成分。在环境科学中，它可以帮助识别空气或水样中的污染物。此外，在医学中，振动光谱技术被用来研究生物分子，有助于新药物和疗法的发展。获取振动光谱的最常见方法之一是红外（IR）光谱法。在这种技术中，红外光通过样品，记录下来的吸收光谱。IR光谱中的峰对应于分子键的振动模式。例如，约1700 cm-1处的强峰通常表明有机化合物中存在羰基（C=O）基团。分析振动光谱的另一种技术是拉曼光谱法。与依赖于光的吸收的IR光谱法不同，拉曼光谱法测量光的散射。当单色光与分子相互作用时，大部分光是弹性散射的，但小部分是非弹性散射的，导致能量发生变化，从而提供关于分子振动光谱的信息。这种方法特别适用于没有强IR活性模式的非极性分子。总之，振动光谱是科学界的重要工具，提供了有关各种物质分子特征和行为的宝贵信息。它的应用跨越多个领域，包括化学、环境科学和医学。理解和掌握振动光谱的概念为研究和技术的进步打开了大门，使其成为科学家和研究人员共同关注的关键研究领域。