vapour pressure

简明释义

蒸汽压

英英释义

例句

1.When cooking at high altitudes, the vapour pressure of water is lower, affecting boiling times.

在高海拔地区烹饪时，水的蒸汽压较低，影响沸腾时间。

2.In a closed container, the vapour pressure will eventually reach equilibrium with the liquid phase.

在一个封闭容器中，蒸汽压最终将与液相达到平衡。

3.The vapour pressure of water increases with temperature, leading to faster evaporation.

水的蒸汽压随着温度的升高而增加，导致蒸发速度加快。

4.The vapour pressure of a liquid is an important factor in distillation processes.

液体的蒸汽压是蒸馏过程中一个重要的因素。

5.To understand weather patterns, meteorologists study the vapour pressure in the atmosphere.

为了理解天气模式，气象学家研究大气中的蒸汽压。

作文

Understanding the concept of vapour pressure is crucial in the fields of chemistry and physics, as it plays a significant role in various natural and industrial processes. Vapour pressure, which can be defined as the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases at a given temperature, is a fundamental property of liquids and solids. It is an essential factor in determining how substances behave under different conditions, particularly when it comes to phase transitions such as evaporation and boiling.To grasp the importance of vapour pressure, it is helpful to consider how it affects everyday phenomena. For instance, when a liquid is placed in an open container, molecules at the surface of the liquid gain enough energy to escape into the air, transitioning from the liquid phase to the vapor phase. This process continues until the number of molecules escaping equals the number returning to the liquid, creating a state known as equilibrium. At this point, the pressure exerted by the vapor is referred to as the vapour pressure of that liquid.The vapour pressure of a substance varies with temperature. As the temperature increases, more molecules have sufficient energy to escape the liquid phase, resulting in a higher vapour pressure. This relationship is graphically represented in the phase diagram of a substance, where regions of solid, liquid, and gas are delineated based on temperature and pressure. Understanding this relationship is vital for various applications, including distillation, refrigeration, and even meteorology.In industrial processes, managing vapour pressure is essential for safety and efficiency. For example, in chemical manufacturing, controlling the vapour pressure of solvents is critical to prevent excessive evaporation, which could lead to hazardous conditions or loss of material. Additionally, in the food industry, understanding vapour pressure helps in processes like freeze-drying, where water is removed from food products by sublimation, taking advantage of the differences in vapour pressure between ice and vapor.Moreover, vapour pressure is also a key concept in environmental science. The vapour pressure of pollutants can influence their behavior in the atmosphere, affecting their transport and deposition. For instance, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have high vapour pressure and can easily evaporate into the air, contributing to air pollution and posing health risks. Understanding the vapour pressure of these compounds allows scientists and policymakers to develop strategies to mitigate their impact on the environment and public health.In conclusion, the concept of vapour pressure is integral to our understanding of physical science and its applications in the real world. From everyday occurrences to complex industrial processes, vapour pressure governs the behavior of substances in different states. By studying vapour pressure, we can better predict and control the outcomes of various scientific and practical endeavors, ultimately leading to advancements in technology, safety, and environmental protection.

理解蒸汽压的概念在化学和物理领域至关重要，因为它在各种自然和工业过程中发挥着重要作用。蒸汽压可以定义为在给定温度下，气体与其凝聚相处于热力学平衡时所施加的压力，它是液体和固体的基本属性。它是确定物质在不同条件下行为的重要因素，尤其是在蒸发和沸腾等相变过程中。为了掌握蒸汽压的重要性，考虑它如何影响日常现象是很有帮助的。例如，当液体放置在开放容器中时，液体表面的分子获得足够的能量以逃逸到空气中，从液相转变为气相。这个过程持续进行，直到逃逸的分子数量等于返回液体的分子数量，形成一种称为平衡的状态。在这一点上，气体施加的压力被称为该液体的蒸汽压。蒸汽压的变化与温度有关。随着温度的升高，更多的分子具有足够的能量逃离液相，从而导致更高的蒸汽压。这种关系在物质的相图中以图形方式表示，其中根据温度和压力划分固体、液体和气体区域。理解这种关系对包括蒸馏、制冷甚至气象学等各种应用至关重要。在工业过程中，管理蒸汽压对安全和效率至关重要。例如，在化学制造中，控制溶剂的蒸汽压对于防止过度蒸发至关重要，这可能导致危险条件或材料损失。此外，在食品工业中，理解蒸汽压有助于像冷冻干燥这样的过程，在这些过程中，通过升华从食品产品中去除水分，利用冰和蒸汽之间的蒸汽压差异。此外，蒸汽压也是环境科学中的一个关键概念。污染物的蒸汽压可以影响其在大气中的行为，影响其运输和沉积。例如，挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）具有高蒸汽压，可以轻易蒸发到空气中，导致空气污染并对健康构成风险。理解这些化合物的蒸汽压使科学家和政策制定者能够制定策略，以减轻它们对环境和公共健康的影响。总之，蒸汽压的概念是我们理解物理科学及其在现实世界中应用的基础。从日常事件到复杂的工业过程，蒸汽压支配着物质在不同状态下的行为。通过研究蒸汽压，我们可以更好地预测和控制各种科学和实际工作的结果，最终推动技术、安全和环境保护的进步。