viroid

简明释义

英[ˈvaɪrɔɪd]美[ˈvaɪərɔɪd]

n. [病毒] 类病毒；预防菌苗

英英释义

单词用法

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例句

1.The infection of citrus virus and viroid diseases on Bendizao and its mutant new Ben No. 1 was studied in Huangyan, Zhejiang during 1989~1996.

1996年对浙江黄岩本地早及其变株新本1号感染柑桔病毒类病害的情况进行了研究。

2.Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) in different parts of tubers of potato CV. "Tiger Head" was determined, by return electrophoresis with silver staining.

我们应用往返电泳和银染色测定了马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒(PSTV)在马铃薯块茎中的分布。

3.The information replication of PSTV RNA not only refers to the theo refical problem of the molecular biology of PSTV RNA, but also the molecular basis of controlling viroid diseases.

PSTVRNA的信息复制，既是涉及到PSTV RNA分子生物学的理论问题，也是根治类病毒病的分子基础。

4.The information replication of PSTV RNA not only refers to the theo refical problem of the molecular biology of PSTV RNA, but also the molecular basis of controlling viroid diseases.

PSTVRNA的信息复制，既是涉及到PSTV RNA分子生物学的理论问题，也是根治类病毒病的分子基础。

5.Researchers are studying how viroids 病毒类小核酸 affect the growth of certain crops.

研究人员正在研究viroids 病毒类小核酸如何影响某些作物的生长。

6.The presence of a viroid 病毒类小核酸 can lead to significant agricultural losses.

一个viroid 病毒类小核酸的存在可能导致重大的农业损失。

7.A new species of viroid 病毒类小核酸 was discovered in tomato plants.

在番茄植物中发现了一种新的viroid 病毒类小核酸物种。

8.Understanding the mechanisms of viroid 病毒类小核酸 replication is crucial for developing treatments.

理解viroid 病毒类小核酸复制的机制对开发治疗方案至关重要。

9.Scientists have identified a viroid 病毒类小核酸 that causes disease in coconut palms.

科学家们已经鉴定出一种导致椰子树生病的viroid 病毒类小核酸。

作文

In the world of molecular biology, understanding the various agents that can cause diseases is crucial for both research and practical applications. One such agent, which has garnered attention in recent years, is the viroid. A viroid is a small, circular piece of RNA that is capable of causing disease in plants. Unlike viruses, which typically consist of a protein coat surrounding their genetic material, a viroid lacks this protective protein shell. This unique structure makes viroids particularly interesting to scientists who study plant pathology and molecular genetics.The discovery of viroids dates back to the early 1970s when researchers identified these infectious agents affecting tomato plants. Since then, numerous types of viroids have been discovered, each with its own specific host plants. The ability of a viroid to replicate within a host cell relies on the host's cellular machinery, which mistakenly treats the viroid RNA as its own. This can lead to various symptoms in plants, such as stunted growth, leaf curling, and even death.One of the most fascinating aspects of viroids is their simplicity. Composed solely of RNA, they challenge our traditional understanding of what constitutes a living organism. In fact, viroids are considered the smallest known agents of infectious disease, measuring just a few hundred nucleotides in length. This minimalistic design raises questions about the origins of life and the evolution of infectious agents. How did such a simple entity evolve to manipulate the complex systems of plant cells?Research into viroids has significant implications for agriculture. The economic impact of viroid infections can be substantial, leading to reduced crop yields and increased management costs. For example, the potato spindle tuber viroid is responsible for considerable losses in potato production worldwide. Understanding how viroids function at a molecular level can help scientists develop strategies to combat these infections, such as breeding resistant plant varieties or developing targeted treatments.Moreover, the study of viroids also provides insights into RNA biology. Since viroids do not code for proteins, researchers are keen to understand how they can affect host plants without the usual mechanisms employed by other pathogens. This research could potentially lead to breakthroughs in biotechnology, including the development of new RNA-based therapies for a variety of diseases.In conclusion, the viroid represents a fascinating area of study within the field of molecular biology. Its unique characteristics and ability to cause disease in plants make it an important subject for researchers. As we continue to explore the complexities of viroids, we not only enhance our understanding of plant diseases but also gain valuable insights into the fundamental principles of life itself. By unraveling the mysteries of viroids, we pave the way for innovative solutions in agriculture and beyond.

在分子生物学的世界中，理解各种可能导致疾病的病原体对研究和实际应用至关重要。其中一个近年来引起关注的病原体是病毒体。病毒体是一小段环状RNA，能够引起植物疾病。与通常由蛋白质外壳包围其遗传物质的病毒不同，病毒体缺乏这种保护性蛋白外壳。这种独特的结构使得病毒体对于研究植物病理学和分子遗传学的科学家们特别有趣。病毒体的发现可以追溯到1970年代初，当时研究人员发现这些感染性病原体影响番茄植物。从那时起，发现了许多类型的病毒体，每种都有其特定的宿主植物。病毒体在宿主细胞内的复制能力依赖于宿主的细胞机制，宿主错误地将病毒体 RNA视为自己的。这可能导致植物出现各种症状，如生长受阻、叶片卷曲甚至死亡。病毒体最迷人的方面之一是它们的简单性。仅由RNA组成，它们挑战我们对生命有机体的传统理解。实际上，病毒体被认为是已知最小的感染性疾病病原体，长度仅为几百个核苷酸。这种简约设计引发了关于生命起源和感染性病原体进化的问题。如此简单的实体是如何演变成能够操控植物细胞复杂系统的？对病毒体的研究对农业具有重要意义。病毒体感染的经济影响可能是巨大的，导致作物产量减少和管理成本增加。例如，马铃薯梭形茎病毒体在全球范围内对马铃薯生产造成了相当大的损失。了解病毒体在分子水平上的功能可以帮助科学家开发对抗这些感染的策略，例如培育抗性植物品种或开发针对性治疗。此外，病毒体的研究还提供了对RNA生物学的见解。由于病毒体不编码蛋白质，研究人员热衷于了解它们是如何在没有其他病原体通常采用的机制的情况下影响宿主植物的。这项研究可能会导致生物技术领域的突破，包括开发针对各种疾病的新型RNA基础疗法。总之，病毒体代表了分子生物学领域中的一个迷人研究领域。其独特的特征和引起植物疾病的能力使其成为研究者的重要课题。随着我们继续探索病毒体的复杂性，我们不仅增强了对植物疾病的理解，还获得了对生命基本原则的宝贵见解。通过揭开病毒体的奥秘，我们为农业及其他领域的创新解决方案铺平了道路。