thermal noise

简明释义

热噪声

英英释义

例句

1.The thermal noise 热噪声 in the resistor can affect the performance of sensitive electronic circuits.

电阻中的热噪声 热噪声可能影响敏感电子电路的性能。

2.To improve signal-to-noise ratio, it is crucial to minimize thermal noise 热噪声 in circuit design.

为了提高信噪比，最小化电路设计中的热噪声 热噪声至关重要。

3.In radio communication, thermal noise 热噪声 can limit the range and clarity of signals.

在无线通信中，热噪声 热噪声可能限制信号的范围和清晰度。

4.The thermal noise 热噪声 increases with temperature, making cooling systems essential in high-performance devices.

随着温度的升高，热噪声 热噪声会增加，因此在高性能设备中，冷却系统至关重要。

5.Engineers often need to account for thermal noise 热噪声 when designing amplifiers.

工程师在设计放大器时常常需要考虑热噪声 热噪声。

作文

In the realm of physics and engineering, understanding various types of noise is crucial for the development of efficient systems. One such type of noise is thermal noise, which arises from the random motion of electrons in a conductor due to thermal agitation. This phenomenon occurs at all temperatures, but it becomes more pronounced as the temperature increases. The significance of thermal noise extends beyond mere theoretical interest; it has practical implications in fields such as telecommunications, electronics, and signal processing.To grasp the concept of thermal noise, one must first consider the nature of heat and its effects on materials. At absolute zero, all atomic motion ceases; however, as the temperature rises, atoms begin to vibrate, leading to increased kinetic energy. This random movement of charged particles, particularly electrons, contributes to the overall noise within electronic devices. The mathematical representation of thermal noise is often described by Johnson-Nyquist noise, which states that the noise voltage across a resistor is proportional to the temperature and the resistance value. The formula for calculating thermal noise can be expressed as:V_n = √(4kTRB)where V_n is the noise voltage, k is Boltzmann's constant, T is the absolute temperature in Kelvin, R is the resistance in ohms, and B is the bandwidth in hertz. This equation illustrates how thermal noise increases with temperature and resistance, highlighting the challenges faced by engineers when designing circuits that require high precision.In practical applications, thermal noise can limit the performance of various devices. For instance, in radio receivers, the presence of thermal noise can obscure weak signals, making it difficult to achieve clear communication. To mitigate these effects, engineers often employ strategies such as cooling components to lower their temperature or utilizing low-noise amplifiers that can enhance signal clarity without amplifying the noise.Moreover, the impact of thermal noise is not limited to traditional electronics. In modern quantum computing, where qubits are used for processing information, thermal noise poses significant challenges. Quantum states are delicate and easily disturbed by external influences, including thermal noise. Researchers are continually seeking innovative methods to shield quantum systems from this noise to preserve the integrity of quantum information.Understanding thermal noise is also vital in the context of scientific research. Instruments such as telescopes and particle detectors must account for thermal noise to ensure accurate readings. For example, astronomers need to distinguish between genuine cosmic signals and those generated by thermal noise in their equipment. By improving the sensitivity and accuracy of their instruments, scientists can explore the universe more effectively.In conclusion, thermal noise is an essential concept in both theoretical and practical domains of physics and engineering. Its understanding is pivotal for designing more efficient electronic systems, refining communication technologies, and advancing scientific research. As technology continues to evolve, the challenge of managing thermal noise will remain a critical area of focus, driving innovation and improvement across various fields. By comprehensively studying thermal noise, we can better harness its implications and enhance the performance of our technological advancements.

在物理和工程的领域中，理解各种噪声类型对于高效系统的发展至关重要。其中一种噪声类型是热噪声，它是由于导体中电子因热运动而产生的随机运动所引起的。这种现象在所有温度下都会发生，但随着温度的升高，它变得更加明显。热噪声的重要性不仅仅限于理论兴趣；它在电信、电子和信号处理等领域具有实际意义。要理解热噪声的概念，首先必须考虑热量的性质及其对材料的影响。在绝对零度时，所有原子运动停止；然而，随着温度的升高，原子开始振动，导致动能增加。这种带电粒子的随机运动，特别是电子，增加了电子设备内的整体噪声。热噪声的数学表示通常由约翰逊-奈奎斯特噪声描述，该理论指出，电阻器上的噪声电压与温度和电阻值成正比。计算热噪声的公式可以表示为：V_n = √(4kTRB)其中V_n是噪声电压，k是玻尔兹曼常数，T是开尔文温标下的绝对温度，R是电阻（单位为欧姆），B是带宽（单位为赫兹）。这个方程表明，热噪声随着温度和电阻的增加而增加，突显了工程师在设计需要高精度的电路时所面临的挑战。在实际应用中，热噪声可能限制各种设备的性能。例如，在无线电接收器中，热噪声的存在可能会遮蔽微弱信号，使得清晰通信变得困难。为了减轻这些影响，工程师通常采用诸如冷却组件以降低其温度或使用低噪声放大器等策略，这些放大器可以增强信号清晰度而不放大噪声。此外，热噪声的影响并不限于传统电子学。在现代量子计算中，量子比特用于处理信息，热噪声带来了重大挑战。量子态非常脆弱，容易受到外部影响的干扰，包括热噪声。研究人员不断寻求创新的方法来屏蔽量子系统免受这种噪声的影响，以保持量子信息的完整性。理解热噪声在科学研究的背景下也至关重要。诸如望远镜和粒子探测器等仪器必须考虑热噪声以确保准确的读数。例如，天文学家需要区分真实的宇宙信号和由设备中的热噪声产生的信号。通过提高仪器的灵敏度和准确性，科学家可以更有效地探索宇宙。总之，热噪声是物理和工程理论及实践领域中的一个重要概念。理解这一概念对于设计更高效的电子系统、改善通信技术和推动科学研究至关重要。随着技术的不断发展，管理热噪声的挑战将始终是一个关键关注领域，推动各个领域的创新和改进。通过全面研究热噪声，我们可以更好地利用其影响，提高技术进步的性能。