thermal neutron

简明释义

热中子

英英释义

例句

1.In nuclear reactors, a thermal neutron 热中子 is crucial for sustaining the chain reaction.

在核反应堆中，热中子 thermal neutron 对维持链式反应至关重要。

2.A thermal neutron 热中子 has a low kinetic energy compared to fast neutrons.

与快中子相比，热中子 thermal neutron 的动能较低。

3.In neutron capture therapy, thermal neutrons 热中子 are used to target cancer cells.

在中子捕获疗法中，热中子 thermal neutrons 被用来靶向癌细胞。

4.The detection of a thermal neutron 热中子 can indicate the presence of fissionable materials.

探测到一个热中子 thermal neutron 可以表明存在可裂变材料。

5.Scientists use thermal neutrons 热中子 to study the structure of materials in neutron diffraction experiments.

科学家们使用热中子 thermal neutrons 在中子衍射实验中研究材料的结构。

作文

In the field of nuclear physics, understanding the behavior of neutrons is crucial for various applications, including nuclear reactors and medical treatments. One specific type of neutron that plays a significant role in these applications is the thermal neutron. A thermal neutron is defined as a neutron that has been slowed down to thermal equilibrium with its surroundings, typically having an energy of less than 0.025 eV (electron volts). This low energy allows thermal neutrons to interact more effectively with atomic nuclei, making them particularly useful in fission reactions and neutron capture processes.The significance of thermal neutrons can be observed in nuclear reactors, where they are used to sustain a chain reaction. When fissile materials, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, absorb a thermal neutron, they become unstable and split into smaller nuclei, releasing a substantial amount of energy in the process. This energy is harnessed to produce electricity in power plants. The ability of thermal neutrons to induce fission makes them essential for maintaining the reactor's operation and ensuring a steady output of energy.Moreover, thermal neutrons have important applications in neutron activation analysis, a technique used in various fields such as archaeology, geology, and forensic science. In this method, a sample is bombarded with thermal neutrons, causing certain elements within the sample to become radioactive. By measuring the emitted radiation, scientists can determine the composition and concentration of elements present in the sample. This technique is highly sensitive and allows for the detection of trace amounts of elements, which can provide valuable insights in research and investigations.In addition to their practical applications, thermal neutrons also contribute to our understanding of fundamental nuclear physics. Researchers study the interactions of thermal neutrons with different materials to explore the properties of matter at the atomic level. These studies enhance our knowledge of nuclear forces, the structure of atomic nuclei, and the behavior of matter under extreme conditions. Furthermore, advancements in neutron scattering techniques, which utilize thermal neutrons, have led to breakthroughs in material science and condensed matter physics, allowing scientists to investigate the arrangement and dynamics of atoms in various substances.However, working with thermal neutrons requires careful consideration of safety measures due to their potential health risks. While thermal neutrons themselves are not directly harmful, they can induce radioactivity in materials they interact with. Thus, proper shielding and monitoring are necessary when conducting experiments involving thermal neutrons to minimize exposure to radiation.In conclusion, thermal neutrons are a vital component of nuclear physics with significant implications for energy production, scientific research, and technological advancements. Their unique properties enable effective interactions with atomic nuclei, making them indispensable in various applications ranging from nuclear reactors to analytical techniques. As we continue to deepen our understanding of thermal neutrons, we unlock new possibilities for innovation and exploration in the realm of physics and beyond.

在核物理学领域，理解中子的行为对核反应堆和医学治疗等各种应用至关重要。一个在这些应用中发挥重要作用的特定类型的中子是热中子。热中子被定义为与其周围环境达到热平衡的中子，通常具有小于0.025电子伏特（eV）的能量。这种低能量使得热中子能够更有效地与原子核相互作用，使它们在裂变反应和中子俘获过程中尤为有用。热中子的重要性可以在核反应堆中观察到，它们用于维持链式反应。当可裂变材料，如铀-235或钚-239，吸收一个热中子时，它们会变得不稳定并分裂成较小的原子核，同时释放出大量的能量。这种能量被用于发电厂中产生电力。热中子诱导裂变的能力使它们对于维持反应堆的运行和确保稳定的能量输出至关重要。此外，热中子在中子激活分析中也有重要应用，这是一种用于考古学、地质学和法医学等多个领域的技术。在这种方法中，样品被热中子轰击，导致样品中的某些元素变得放射性。通过测量所发射的辐射，科学家可以确定样品中存在的元素的组成和浓度。这种技术高度灵敏，可以检测微量元素，为研究和调查提供宝贵的见解。除了实际应用外，热中子还促进了我们对基本核物理的理解。研究人员研究热中子与不同材料的相互作用，以探索物质在原子级别的性质。这些研究增强了我们对核力、原子核结构以及在极端条件下物质行为的知识。此外，利用热中子的中子散射技术的进展，已导致材料科学和凝聚态物理学的突破，使科学家能够研究各种物质中原子的排列和动力学。然而，处理热中子需要仔细考虑安全措施，因为它们可能带来健康风险。虽然热中子本身并不直接有害，但它们可以在与之相互作用的材料中诱导放射性。因此，在进行涉及热中子的实验时，必须采取适当的屏蔽和监测措施，以尽量减少辐射暴露。总之，热中子是核物理学的重要组成部分，对能源生产、科学研究和技术进步具有重要意义。它们独特的性质使得与原子核的有效相互作用成为可能，使其在从核反应堆到分析技术等各种应用中不可或缺。随着我们继续深入理解热中子，我们解锁了物理学及其他领域创新和探索的新可能性。