slowing down cross section

简明释义

慢化截面

英英释义

例句

1.In nuclear physics, understanding the slowing down cross section is crucial for effective reactor design.

在核物理中，理解减速截面对于有效的反应堆设计至关重要。

2.Researchers are studying the slowing down cross section of various isotopes for better nuclear reactions.

研究人员正在研究各种同位素的减速截面以改善核反应。

3.The engineer calculated the slowing down cross section to determine how the material would behave under stress.

工程师计算了减速截面以确定材料在应力下的表现。

4.The simulation showed that increasing the density could enhance the slowing down cross section significantly.

模拟显示，增加密度可以显著增强减速截面。

5.The slowing down cross section helps predict how neutrons will interact with different materials.

这个减速截面有助于预测中子如何与不同材料相互作用。

作文

In the field of nuclear physics, understanding the concept of a slowing down cross section is crucial for analyzing how neutrons interact with various materials. The slowing down cross section refers to a measure of the probability that a fast neutron will lose energy and slow down when it collides with atoms in a medium. This process is essential in nuclear reactors, where controlling the speed of neutrons is vital for sustaining a chain reaction. When neutrons are slowed down, they become more likely to be captured by fissile materials such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, which can lead to further fission reactions and the release of energy.To better understand this concept, let's consider the role of moderators in nuclear reactors. Moderators are materials that slow down fast neutrons, increasing the chances of these neutrons causing fission. Common moderators include water, heavy water, and graphite. The effectiveness of a moderator is often characterized by its slowing down cross section, which indicates how well it can reduce the velocity of neutrons. A larger slowing down cross section means that the material is more effective at slowing down neutrons, thereby enhancing the reactor's efficiency.The slowing down cross section is not a constant value; it varies depending on the energy of the incoming neutron and the type of material it interacts with. For instance, as a neutron loses energy during collisions, the probability of further interactions changes, which means that the slowing down cross section will also change accordingly. This relationship is critical for physicists when designing and optimizing nuclear systems, as it affects both safety and performance.Moreover, the concept of slowing down cross section extends beyond nuclear reactors. It is also relevant in medical applications, such as radiation therapy, where neutrons are used to target cancer cells. By understanding how neutrons slow down in different tissues, doctors can improve treatment efficacy while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy cells. Therefore, the study of slowing down cross section has significant implications across various fields, from energy production to medical technology.In conclusion, the slowing down cross section is a fundamental concept in nuclear physics that plays a vital role in the functioning of nuclear reactors and other applications involving neutron interactions. By comprehensively understanding this concept, scientists and engineers can develop more efficient and safer nuclear technologies. As research continues to advance in this area, the importance of accurately measuring and utilizing the slowing down cross section will only grow, highlighting its significance in both theoretical and practical aspects of nuclear science.

在核物理领域，理解“slowing down cross section”这一概念对于分析中子与各种材料的相互作用至关重要。“slowing down cross section”指的是快速中子在与介质中的原子碰撞时失去能量并减速的概率的度量。这个过程在核反应堆中是必不可少的，因为控制中子的速度对维持链式反应至关重要。当中子减速时，它们更有可能被铀-235或钚-239等裂变材料捕获，这可能导致进一步的裂变反应并释放能量。为了更好地理解这个概念，我们来看看核反应堆中慢化剂的作用。慢化剂是减缓快速中子的材料，从而增加这些中子导致裂变的机会。常见的慢化剂包括水、重水和石墨。慢化剂的有效性通常通过其“slowing down cross section”来表征，这表明它降低中子速度的能力。较大的“slowing down cross section”意味着该材料在减缓中子方面更有效，从而提高反应堆的效率。“slowing down cross section”并不是一个恒定值；它会根据入射中子的能量和与之相互作用的材料类型而变化。例如，当中子在碰撞中失去能量时，进一步相互作用的概率会发生变化，这意味着“slowing down cross section”也会随之改变。这种关系对于物理学家在设计和优化核系统时至关重要，因为它影响着安全性和性能。此外，“slowing down cross section”的概念不仅限于核反应堆。在医学应用中，例如放射治疗中，也涉及到中子用于靶向癌细胞。通过了解中子在不同组织中的减速方式，医生可以提高治疗的有效性，同时最大限度地减少对周围健康细胞的损害。因此，研究“slowing down cross section”在多个领域具有重要意义，从能源生产到医疗技术。总之，“slowing down cross section”是核物理中的一个基本概念，在核反应堆和其他涉及中子相互作用的应用中发挥着至关重要的作用。通过全面理解这一概念，科学家和工程师可以开发出更高效和更安全的核技术。随着这一领域研究的不断推进，准确测量和利用“slowing down cross section”的重要性只会增加，突显其在核科学理论和实践方面的重要性。