resonance cross section

简明释义

共振截面

英英释义

例句

1.The study of the neutron's interaction with nuclei often involves calculating the resonance cross section (共振截面) to predict reaction rates.

研究中子与核的相互作用通常涉及计算resonance cross section（共振截面）以预测反应速率。

2.In nuclear physics, the resonance cross section (共振截面) is crucial for understanding how particles scatter off each other at specific energies.

在核物理中，resonance cross section（共振截面）对于理解粒子在特定能量下的散射至关重要。

3.Researchers often use the resonance cross section (共振截面) to design better nuclear reactors by optimizing fuel composition.

研究人员常常使用resonance cross section（共振截面）来通过优化燃料成分设计更好的核反应堆。

4.The resonance cross section (共振截面) can vary significantly with changes in temperature and pressure.

随着温度和压力的变化，resonance cross section（共振截面）可能会显著变化。

5.Experimental data on the resonance cross section (共振截面) helps validate theoretical models in particle physics.

关于resonance cross section（共振截面）的实验数据有助于验证粒子物理中的理论模型。

作文

In the field of nuclear physics and particle physics, the term resonance cross section refers to a crucial concept that describes the probability of a particular interaction occurring between particles at specific energy levels. The resonance cross section is often associated with the absorption or scattering of particles when they encounter a target nucleus or another particle. This parameter is essential for understanding various nuclear reactions and processes, including those that take place in stars, nuclear reactors, and particle accelerators.To better understand the significance of the resonance cross section, it is important to delve into the underlying principles of quantum mechanics. At the quantum level, particles exhibit wave-like properties, and their interactions can be described using probability amplitudes. When two particles collide, the likelihood of a specific outcome—such as scattering or absorption—depends on their energies and the potential interactions available. The resonance cross section quantifies this likelihood by providing a measure of the effective area that a target presents to an incoming particle.One of the most fascinating aspects of the resonance cross section is its dependence on the energy of the incoming particles. When the energy of the colliding particles matches certain resonant states of the target, the resonance cross section can increase dramatically. This phenomenon occurs because the particles can temporarily form excited states, leading to enhanced interaction probabilities. Such resonances are typically characterized by sharp peaks in the cross-section data plotted against energy, indicating that at specific energies, the likelihood of interaction is significantly higher.The study of resonance cross section is vital for various applications in science and technology. For instance, in nuclear astrophysics, understanding the resonance cross section helps scientists predict how elements are formed in stars through nuclear fusion processes. By knowing the resonant energies and corresponding cross sections, researchers can model stellar environments and better understand nucleosynthesis—the process by which heavier elements are created from lighter ones.Moreover, in the realm of nuclear engineering, the resonance cross section plays a critical role in reactor design and safety analysis. Accurate knowledge of the resonance cross section for various isotopes allows engineers to predict how these materials will behave under different conditions, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of nuclear reactors. Additionally, in the field of medical physics, the resonance cross section is important for optimizing radiation therapies, as it influences how radiation interacts with biological tissues.In conclusion, the resonance cross section is a fundamental concept in nuclear and particle physics that describes the probability of interactions between particles at specific energy levels. Its significance spans across multiple fields, including astrophysics, nuclear engineering, and medical physics. By studying the resonance cross section, scientists and engineers can gain valuable insights into the behavior of particles and the underlying mechanisms of nuclear reactions, ultimately contributing to advancements in technology and our understanding of the universe.

在核物理和粒子物理领域，术语共振截面指的是一个关键概念，它描述了在特定能量水平下粒子之间发生特定相互作用的概率。共振截面通常与粒子在遇到目标核或其他粒子时的吸收或散射相关。这个参数对于理解各种核反应和过程至关重要，包括在恒星、核反应堆和粒子加速器中发生的反应。为了更好地理解共振截面的重要性，深入探讨量子力学的基本原理是很重要的。在量子层面上，粒子表现出波动特性，它们的相互作用可以用概率幅度来描述。当两个粒子碰撞时，特定结果（如散射或吸收）的可能性取决于它们的能量和可用的潜在相互作用。共振截面通过提供一个有效面积的度量来量化这种可能性，该面积表示目标对入射粒子的呈现。共振截面最引人入胜的方面之一是它对入射粒子能量的依赖性。当碰撞粒子的能量与目标的某些共振态相匹配时，共振截面可能会显著增加。这种现象发生是因为粒子可以暂时形成激发态，导致增强的相互作用概率。这些共振通常通过绘制跨越能量的截面数据图中的尖峰来表征，表明在特定能量下，相互作用的可能性显著提高。对共振截面的研究对于科学和技术中的各种应用至关重要。例如，在核天体物理学中，了解共振截面帮助科学家预测元素如何通过核聚变过程在恒星中形成。通过了解共振能量和相应的截面，研究人员可以模拟恒星环境，更好地理解核合成——即较轻元素转化为较重元素的过程。此外，在核工程领域，共振截面在反应堆设计和安全分析中发挥着关键作用。对各种同位素的共振截面的准确知识使工程师能够预测这些材料在不同条件下的行为，从而确保核反应堆的安全和高效运行。此外，在医学物理领域，共振截面对于优化放射治疗也很重要，因为它影响辐射与生物组织的相互作用。总之，共振截面是核物理和粒子物理中的一个基本概念，描述了在特定能量水平下粒子之间相互作用的概率。它的重要性跨越多个领域，包括天体物理学、核工程和医学物理。通过研究共振截面，科学家和工程师可以深入了解粒子的行为及其核反应的基本机制，最终促进技术进步和我们对宇宙的理解。