reactivity shimming

简明释义

反应性补偿

英英释义

例句

1.The training program included a module on reactivity shimming for new operators.

培训项目包括针对新操作员的反应性调节模块。

2.Effective reactivity shimming can reduce the risk of reactor instability.

有效的反应性调节可以降低反应堆不稳定的风险。

3.The team used reactivity shimming techniques to adjust the neutron flux in the reactor core.

团队使用反应性调节技术来调整反应堆核心中的中子通量。

4.The engineers performed reactivity shimming to optimize the reactor's performance.

工程师们进行了反应性调节以优化反应堆的性能。

5.During the maintenance check, we discovered that reactivity shimming was needed to maintain stable operation.

在维护检查中，我们发现需要进行反应性调节以保持稳定运行。

作文

In the field of nuclear engineering, the term reactivity shimming refers to a technique used to adjust the reactivity of a nuclear reactor. Reactivity itself is a measure of the extent to which a nuclear reactor is capable of sustaining a fission chain reaction. The ability to control this reactivity is crucial for the safe and efficient operation of a reactor. Without proper control, a reactor could become either subcritical, meaning it cannot sustain a chain reaction, or supercritical, which could lead to an uncontrolled release of energy. Reactivity shimming is one of the methods employed to fine-tune this balance, ensuring that the reactor operates within its designed parameters.The process of reactivity shimming involves the use of various materials, often referred to as 'shim' materials, which can either absorb neutrons or reflect them. By strategically placing these materials within the reactor core, engineers can effectively increase or decrease the overall reactivity of the system. For instance, if the reactor is found to be too reactive, additional neutron-absorbing materials may be introduced to bring the reactivity back down to a safe level. Conversely, if the reactor is under-reactive, reflecting materials can be added to enhance the neutron population, thus increasing reactivity.This technique is not only vital for maintaining the operational stability of the reactor but also plays a significant role in the startup and shutdown processes. During startup, reactivity shimming helps to gradually increase the reactivity to reach criticality in a controlled manner. This is essential to avoid a sudden surge in power, which could pose safety risks. Similarly, during shutdown, the careful removal or addition of shim materials ensures that the reactor can be brought down safely without any abrupt changes in reactivity.Moreover, reactivity shimming is an ongoing process throughout the life of a reactor. As fuel is consumed and the composition of the reactor core changes, the reactivity will fluctuate. Therefore, regular adjustments through shimming are necessary to maintain optimal performance. Engineers must continuously monitor the reactor's behavior and make adjustments as needed, which requires a deep understanding of the reactor's physics and the properties of the materials used for shimming.In conclusion, reactivity shimming is a fundamental concept in nuclear reactor operations, ensuring that reactors can be safely and efficiently controlled. Its significance cannot be overstated, as it directly impacts the safety, efficiency, and longevity of nuclear power plants. Understanding this process is essential for anyone involved in nuclear engineering, as it embodies the delicate balance required to harness nuclear energy responsibly. As we continue to explore and expand our capabilities in nuclear technology, mastering techniques like reactivity shimming will be crucial for the future of energy production.

在核工程领域，术语反应性调节指的是一种用于调整核反应堆反应性的技术。反应性本身是衡量核反应堆维持裂变链反应能力的一个指标。控制这种反应性对于反应堆的安全和高效运行至关重要。如果没有适当的控制，反应堆可能会变得亚临界，意味着它无法维持链反应，或者超临界，这可能导致能量的失控释放。反应性调节是用于微调这一平衡的方法之一，确保反应堆在其设计参数内运行。反应性调节的过程涉及使用各种材料，通常称为“调节”材料，这些材料可以吸收中子或反射中子。通过在反应堆核心中战略性地放置这些材料，工程师可以有效地增加或减少系统的总体反应性。例如，如果发现反应堆过于反应，可能会引入额外的吸收中子的材料，以将反应性降低到安全水平。相反，如果反应堆反应不足，可以添加反射材料来增强中子数量，从而增加反应性。这一技术不仅对维持反应堆的操作稳定性至关重要，还在启动和关闭过程中发挥着重要作用。在启动过程中，反应性调节有助于以可控的方式逐渐增加反应性，以达到临界状态。这对于避免突然的功率激增至关重要，这可能会带来安全风险。同样，在关闭过程中，通过小心地移除或添加调节材料，确保反应堆能够安全地降下来，而不会出现反应性突然变化。此外，反应性调节是反应堆整个生命周期中的一个持续过程。随着燃料的消耗和反应堆核心组成的变化，反应性会波动。因此，定期通过调节进行调整是必要的，以维持最佳性能。工程师必须持续监测反应堆的行为，并根据需要进行调整，这需要对反应堆的物理学和用于调节的材料性质有深刻理解。总之，反应性调节是核反应堆操作中的一个基本概念，确保反应堆能够安全和高效地控制。它的重要性不容小觑，因为它直接影响核电厂的安全性、效率和寿命。理解这一过程对于任何参与核工程的人来说都是必不可少的，因为它体现了利用核能所需的微妙平衡。随着我们继续探索和扩展核技术的能力，掌握像反应性调节这样的技术将对未来的能源生产至关重要。