reaction cross section

简明释义

反应截面

英英释义

例句

1.The team published their findings on the reaction cross section for various isotopes.

团队发表了关于各种同位素的反应截面的研究结果。

2.In particle physics, a larger reaction cross section indicates a higher probability of interaction between particles.

在粒子物理学中，较大的反应截面表示粒子之间相互作用的概率更高。

3.The reaction cross section is crucial for understanding the dynamics of particle collisions.

了解粒子碰撞的动态时，反应截面至关重要。

4.Using advanced detectors, researchers can accurately measure the reaction cross section of rare events.

研究人员可以使用先进的探测器准确测量稀有事件的反应截面。

5.The physicist measured the reaction cross section to determine the likelihood of the nuclear reaction occurring.

物理学家测量了反应截面以确定核反应发生的可能性。

作文

In the field of nuclear physics and particle physics, the concept of reaction cross section plays a crucial role in understanding the interactions between particles. The reaction cross section, which can be thought of as a measure of the likelihood of a specific reaction occurring, is expressed in terms of area, typically in barns (where 1 barn = 10^-28 m²). This term is essential for physicists when they analyze experimental data and predict outcomes of particle collisions. To elaborate further, the reaction cross section quantifies the probability that a particular interaction will take place between incoming particles and target particles. For example, when a neutron collides with a nucleus, the reaction cross section helps scientists determine how often such collisions will result in a nuclear reaction, such as fission or fusion. This is important not only in fundamental research but also in practical applications, such as nuclear energy production and medical treatments involving radiation. The size of the reaction cross section can vary significantly depending on several factors, including the energy of the incoming particles and the nature of the target. Higher energy collisions generally lead to larger reaction cross sections for certain types of interactions, as they can overcome potential barriers that would otherwise prevent a reaction from occurring. Additionally, different materials have different reaction cross sections for the same incident particle, which reflects their unique atomic structures and properties.Understanding the reaction cross section is essential for designing experiments and interpreting results in nuclear physics. For instance, in a particle accelerator, researchers must calculate the expected reaction cross sections to determine the optimal conditions for achieving desired reactions. By knowing the reaction cross section, scientists can also estimate the number of interactions that will occur over a given period, allowing them to plan their experiments more effectively.Moreover, the concept of reaction cross section extends beyond just nuclear reactions. It is also applicable in fields like astrophysics, where it helps explain phenomena such as stellar nucleosynthesis—the process through which stars produce new elements. In this context, the reaction cross section is vital for understanding how often certain nuclear reactions occur within stars, influencing their evolution and the types of elements they produce.In summary, the reaction cross section is a fundamental concept in physics that quantifies the probability of specific interactions occurring between particles. Its significance spans various disciplines, including nuclear physics, particle physics, and astrophysics. By mastering the implications of the reaction cross section, researchers can enhance their understanding of both theoretical concepts and practical applications in science and technology. As we continue to explore the universe at both macroscopic and microscopic levels, the importance of accurately measuring and interpreting reaction cross sections will remain paramount in our quest for knowledge.

在核物理和粒子物理领域，反应截面的概念在理解粒子之间的相互作用中起着至关重要的作用。反应截面可以被视为特定反应发生可能性的度量，通常以面积表示，单位为巴恩（barn），其中1巴恩=10^-28平方米。这个术语对于物理学家在分析实验数据和预测粒子碰撞的结果时是必不可少的。进一步阐述，反应截面量化了入射粒子与靶粒子之间发生特定相互作用的概率。例如，当中子与原子核碰撞时，反应截面帮助科学家确定这样的碰撞多大可能导致核反应，如裂变或聚变。这不仅在基础研究中重要，在涉及辐射的医疗治疗和核能生产等实际应用中也同样重要。反应截面的大小可能因多种因素而异，包括入射粒子的能量和靶粒子的性质。较高能量的碰撞通常会导致某些类型相互作用的反应截面增大，因为它们能够克服潜在的障碍，从而使反应得以发生。此外，不同材料对相同入射粒子具有不同的反应截面，这反映了它们独特的原子结构和特性。理解反应截面对于设计实验和解释核物理中的结果至关重要。例如，在粒子加速器中，研究人员必须计算预期的反应截面以确定实现所需反应的最佳条件。通过了解反应截面，科学家还可以估计在给定时间内将发生多少次相互作用，从而更有效地规划实验。此外，反应截面的概念不仅限于核反应。在天体物理学等领域，它也有助于解释诸如恒星核合成等现象——恒星产生新元素的过程。在这种情况下，反应截面对于理解某些核反应在恒星内部发生的频率至关重要，这影响着恒星的演化及其产生的元素类型。总之，反应截面是物理学中的一个基本概念，它量化了特定粒子之间相互作用发生的概率。其重要性跨越多个学科，包括核物理、粒子物理和天体物理。通过掌握反应截面的含义，研究人员可以增强对理论概念和科学技术实际应用的理解。随着我们继续在宏观和微观层面探索宇宙，准确测量和解释反应截面的重要性将在我们追求知识的过程中始终占据重要位置。