partition coefficient

简明释义

分配系数

英英释义

例句

1.Researchers often use the partition coefficient 分配系数 to predict the bioavailability of new compounds.

研究人员常常使用分配系数来预测新化合物的生物利用度。

2.In environmental studies, the partition coefficient 分配系数 helps assess the potential for soil contamination.

在环境研究中，分配系数有助于评估土壤污染的潜力。

3.A high partition coefficient 分配系数 indicates that a substance is more soluble in oil than in water.

高分配系数表明某种物质在油中的溶解度高于在水中的溶解度。

4.The partition coefficient 分配系数 is crucial in determining how a drug distributes in the body.

分配系数在确定药物在体内的分布时至关重要。

5.The partition coefficient 分配系数 can be calculated using the concentrations of a solute in two different phases.

分配系数可以通过溶质在两个不同相中的浓度来计算。

作文

The concept of the partition coefficient is fundamental in the fields of chemistry and pharmacology. It refers to the ratio of concentrations of a compound in two immiscible phases at equilibrium. This property is crucial for understanding how substances distribute themselves in different environments, particularly in biological systems. For instance, when a drug is administered, its ability to cross cell membranes and reach target sites depends significantly on its partition coefficient. A higher partition coefficient indicates that the substance is more soluble in lipids than in water, enhancing its permeability through cellular membranes. This characteristic is vital for the effectiveness of many pharmaceuticals, as it influences absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) processes.In practical applications, the partition coefficient can be determined through experiments involving octanol and water, where octanol serves as a model for lipid membranes. The ratio of the concentration of the compound in octanol to that in water gives the partition coefficient. Understanding this parameter helps researchers design better drugs with optimal bioavailability. Additionally, the partition coefficient plays a significant role in environmental chemistry, influencing how pollutants spread in aquatic systems and their potential bioaccumulation in organisms.Furthermore, the partition coefficient can also indicate the hydrophobicity or lipophilicity of a compound, which is essential for predicting its behavior in biological systems. Compounds with a high partition coefficient tend to accumulate in fatty tissues, leading to prolonged effects or toxicity. In contrast, those with a low partition coefficient are more likely to be excreted quickly, reducing the risk of accumulation.In conclusion, the partition coefficient is a critical parameter that impacts various scientific fields, including drug development, environmental science, and toxicology. An in-depth understanding of this concept allows scientists to predict how compounds behave in different environments, ultimately aiding in the design of safer and more effective products. As research continues to evolve, the importance of the partition coefficient remains paramount in advancing our knowledge and application of chemical substances in both laboratory and real-world settings.

“分配系数”这一概念在化学和药理学领域中是基本的。它指的是在平衡状态下，化合物在两种不可混溶相中的浓度比。这一特性对于理解物质在不同环境中的分布至关重要，特别是在生物系统中。例如，当药物被施用时，其穿过细胞膜并到达目标位点的能力在很大程度上取决于其“分配系数”。较高的“分配系数”表明该物质在脂质中的溶解度高于水，从而增强了其通过细胞膜的渗透性。这一特征对许多药物的有效性至关重要，因为它影响吸收、分布、代谢和排泄（ADME）过程。在实际应用中，“分配系数”可以通过涉及辛醇和水的实验来确定，其中辛醇作为脂质膜的模型。化合物在辛醇中的浓度与在水中的浓度之比给出了“分配系数”。理解这一参数有助于研究人员设计出具有最佳生物利用度的更好药物。此外，“分配系数”在环境化学中也起着重要作用，影响污染物在水体系统中的传播及其在生物体内的潜在生物积累。此外，“分配系数”还可以指示化合物的疏水性或亲脂性，这对于预测其在生物系统中的行为至关重要。具有高“分配系数”的化合物往往会在脂肪组织中积累，导致延长的效果或毒性。相反，具有低“分配系数”的化合物更可能被迅速排出，从而降低积累的风险。总之，“分配系数”是一个关键参数，影响药物开发、环境科学和毒理学等多个科学领域。深入理解这一概念使科学家能够预测化合物在不同环境中的行为，最终有助于设计出更安全、更有效的产品。随着研究的不断发展，“分配系数”的重要性在推进我们对化学物质在实验室和现实世界应用的知识中仍然是至关重要的。