parent nuclide

简明释义

母核素

英英释义

例句

1.The decay of a parent nuclide (母核素) leads to the formation of a stable daughter nuclide.

一个母核素的衰变导致形成一个稳定的子核素。

2.In radiometric dating, scientists measure the ratio of parent nuclide (母核素) to daughter nuclide to determine the age of a sample.

在放射性测年中，科学家测量母核素与子核素的比率以确定样本的年龄。

3.Carbon-14 acts as a parent nuclide (母核素) in the dating of organic materials.

碳-14在有机材料的测年中充当母核素。

4.The half-life of a parent nuclide (母核素) determines how quickly it decays into its daughter nuclides.

一个母核素的半衰期决定了它转化为子核素的速度。

5.Uranium-238 is a common parent nuclide (母核素) used in geological dating.

铀-238是地质年代测定中常用的母核素。

作文

The study of nuclear physics has unveiled many fascinating concepts, one of which is the idea of a parent nuclide. A parent nuclide is defined as the original radioactive atom that undergoes decay to form one or more daughter nuclides. This process of decay is a natural phenomenon where unstable atomic nuclei lose energy by emitting radiation. Understanding this concept is crucial for various fields, including geology, archaeology, and medicine.In geology, the dating of rocks and minerals often relies on the principles of radioactive decay. For instance, uranium-238 decays into lead-206 over a span of millions of years. Here, uranium-238 acts as the parent nuclide, while lead-206 is the stable product, or daughter nuclide. By measuring the ratio of uranium to lead within a rock sample, scientists can determine the age of the rock, providing valuable insights into the history of the Earth.Archaeologists also utilize the concept of parent nuclide in radiocarbon dating. Carbon-14, a radioactive isotope of carbon, is formed in the atmosphere and absorbed by living organisms. When an organism dies, it stops taking in carbon-14, and the existing carbon-14 begins to decay into nitrogen-14, the daughter nuclide. By measuring the remaining amount of carbon-14 in a sample, researchers can estimate the time since the organism's death, thus dating ancient artifacts and fossils.In the field of medicine, particularly in cancer treatment, the concept of parent nuclide plays a vital role in radiation therapy. Certain isotopes are used as tracers or therapeutic agents due to their decay properties. For example, iodine-131 is a parent nuclide that decays into xenon-131, emitting radiation that can target and destroy cancerous cells in the thyroid gland. This targeted approach minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissues, showcasing the practical applications of understanding parent nuclides in improving patient outcomes.Moreover, the study of parent nuclides extends beyond practical applications; it also enhances our comprehension of the universe. The processes involved in nucleosynthesis, the formation of new atomic nuclei, rely heavily on the decay of parent nuclides. Elements heavier than iron are primarily formed in supernova explosions, where various parent nuclides undergo rapid neutron capture processes. This not only contributes to the diversity of elements found in the universe but also helps explain the origins of the elements that make up our planet and ourselves.In conclusion, the concept of a parent nuclide is fundamental to our understanding of radioactive decay and its implications across different scientific disciplines. From dating geological formations to archaeological artifacts and advancing medical treatments, the significance of parent nuclides cannot be overstated. As we continue to explore and understand the complexities of nuclear physics, the role of parent nuclides will undoubtedly remain a critical area of study, revealing more about the world around us and the universe at large.

核物理的研究揭示了许多迷人的概念，其中一个就是“母核素”的概念。“母核素”被定义为原始的放射性原子，它通过衰变形成一个或多个子核素。这一衰变过程是一种自然现象，不稳定的原子核通过发射辐射来失去能量。理解这一概念对于地质学、考古学和医学等多个领域至关重要。在地质学中，岩石和矿物的年代测定通常依赖于放射性衰变的原理。例如，铀-238经过数百万年的衰变变为铅-206。在这里，铀-238作为“母核素”，而铅-206则是稳定的产物或子核素。通过测量岩石样本中铀与铅的比率，科学家可以确定岩石的年龄，从而提供有关地球历史的宝贵见解。考古学家也利用“母核素”的概念进行放射性碳定年。碳-14是碳的一种放射性同位素，在大气中形成并被生物体吸收。当生物体死亡时，它停止吸收碳-14，现有的碳-14开始衰变为氮-14，即子核素。通过测量样本中剩余的碳-14含量，研究人员可以估算自生物死亡以来的时间，从而对古代文物和化石进行年代测定。在医学领域，尤其是在癌症治疗中，“母核素”的概念在放射治疗中发挥着至关重要的作用。由于其衰变特性，某些同位素被用作示踪剂或治疗剂。例如，碘-131是一种“母核素”，它衰变成氙-131，发出能够针对并摧毁甲状腺癌细胞的辐射。这种靶向方法最小化了对周围健康组织的损害，展示了理解“母核素”在改善患者结果方面的实际应用。此外，“母核素”的研究超越了实际应用；它还增强了我们对宇宙的理解。涉及新原子核形成的核合成过程在很大程度上依赖于“母核素”的衰变。比铁重的元素主要是在超新星爆炸中形成的，其中各种“母核素”经历快速中子俘获过程。这不仅有助于解释宇宙中元素的多样性，还帮助解释构成我们星球和我们自身的元素的起源。总之，“母核素”的概念是我们理解放射性衰变及其在不同科学学科中的影响的基础。从测定地质构造到考古文物以及推进医疗治疗，“母核素”的重要性不容小觑。随着我们继续探索和理解核物理的复杂性，“母核素”的角色无疑将仍然是一个关键的研究领域，揭示更多关于我们周围的世界和更广阔宇宙的知识。