nuclear chain reaction

简明释义

核链式反应

英英释义

例句

1.Scientists are studying how to control a nuclear chain reaction to ensure safety in power plants.

科学家们正在研究如何控制核链反应以确保发电厂的安全。

2.The discovery of nuclear chain reactions opened the door to both energy production and nuclear weapons.

对核链反应的发现为能源生产和核武器打开了大门。

3.A runaway nuclear chain reaction can lead to catastrophic consequences.

失控的核链反应可能导致灾难性的后果。

4.During the Manhattan Project, researchers focused on initiating a nuclear chain reaction for the first atomic bomb.

在曼哈顿计划期间，研究人员专注于启动第一个原子弹的核链反应。

5.The principle of a nuclear chain reaction is fundamental to the operation of nuclear reactors.

一个核链反应的原理是核反应堆运行的基础。

作文

A nuclear chain reaction is a process in which a single nuclear reaction causes a self-sustaining series of additional reactions. This phenomenon is fundamental to the functioning of nuclear reactors and atomic bombs. Understanding this concept is essential for grasping the principles of nuclear physics and the applications of nuclear energy in our modern world.The basic idea behind a nuclear chain reaction involves fissile materials, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239. When the nucleus of one of these atoms absorbs a neutron, it becomes unstable and splits into two smaller nuclei, releasing a significant amount of energy in the process. This splitting also releases additional neutrons, which can then go on to strike other nearby nuclei, causing them to split as well. This cascade of reactions continues, leading to an exponential increase in energy release.In a controlled environment, such as a nuclear power plant, engineers manage the rate of the nuclear chain reaction to produce a steady output of energy. Control rods made of materials that absorb neutrons are inserted into the reactor core to regulate the number of free neutrons available to sustain the reaction. By adjusting the position of these rods, operators can maintain a stable reaction, allowing for the efficient generation of electricity.However, if a nuclear chain reaction goes uncontrolled, it can lead to catastrophic events, as seen in historical incidents like the Chernobyl disaster and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. In these cases, the rapid release of energy resulted in explosions and the release of harmful radiation into the environment, causing long-term ecological damage and health risks for surrounding populations.The potential for both beneficial and harmful outcomes from a nuclear chain reaction highlights the importance of strict safety protocols and regulations in the nuclear industry. Scientists and engineers continuously work to improve the safety measures surrounding nuclear technology, ensuring that the benefits of nuclear energy can be harnessed without compromising public safety.In addition to power generation, nuclear chain reactions have applications in medicine, particularly in cancer treatment. Radiation therapy utilizes the principles of nuclear fission to target and destroy cancer cells. The ability to harness the energy released from a nuclear chain reaction for medical purposes demonstrates the versatility and significance of this scientific principle.In conclusion, a nuclear chain reaction is a complex yet fascinating process that plays a crucial role in both energy production and medical applications. Understanding how these reactions work and their implications can help society navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by nuclear technology. As we continue to explore and utilize nuclear energy, it is imperative to balance innovation with responsibility to ensure a safe and sustainable future.

核链反应是一个过程，其中单个核反应导致一系列自我维持的额外反应。这一现象对核反应堆和原子弹的功能至关重要。理解这一概念对于掌握核物理学的原理以及核能在我们现代世界中的应用至关重要。核链反应的基本思想涉及裂变材料，如铀-235或钚-239。当这些原子的核吸收一个中子时，它变得不稳定并分裂成两个较小的核，同时释放出大量的能量。这种分裂还释放出额外的中子，这些中子可以继续撞击其他附近的核，导致它们也分裂。这一连串的反应持续进行，导致能量释放呈指数级增加。在受控环境中，例如核电厂，工程师管理核链反应的速率，以产生稳定的能量输出。由吸收中子的材料制成的控制棒被插入反应堆核心，以调节可用于维持反应的自由中子的数量。通过调整这些棒的位置，操作员可以维持稳定的反应，从而高效地发电。然而，如果核链反应失去控制，可能导致灾难性的事件，正如历史事件中所见的切尔诺贝利灾难和福岛第一核电站事故。在这些情况下，能量的快速释放导致了爆炸，并将有害辐射释放到环境中，造成长期的生态损害和周围人群的健康风险。从核链反应中获得的潜在好处和危害突显了核工业中严格安全协议和法规的重要性。科学家和工程师不断努力改善核技术周围的安全措施，以确保核能的好处能够在不危害公众安全的情况下得到利用。除了发电外，核链反应在医学领域也有应用，特别是在癌症治疗中。放射治疗利用核裂变的原理来靶向并摧毁癌细胞。利用从核链反应中释放的能量进行医疗用途的能力展示了这一科学原理的多样性和重要性。总之，核链反应是一个复杂而迷人的过程，在能源生产和医疗应用中发挥着至关重要的作用。理解这些反应的工作原理及其影响，可以帮助社会应对核技术带来的挑战和机遇。随着我们继续探索和利用核能，平衡创新与责任至关重要，以确保安全和可持续的未来。