nuclear capture

简明释义

核俘获

英英释义

例句

1.During a nuclear reaction, nuclear capture can lead to the creation of isotopes.

在核反应过程中，核捕获可以导致同位素的产生。

2.In nuclear physics, nuclear capture refers to the absorption of a neutron by a nucleus.

在核物理学中，核捕获指的是一个原子核吸收一个中子的过程。

3.The nuclear capture process is essential for the synthesis of heavy metals like gold.

对于金等重金属的合成，核捕获过程是必不可少的。

4.The process of nuclear capture is crucial in the formation of heavier elements in stars.

在恒星中，核捕获的过程对于重元素的形成至关重要。

5.Scientists study nuclear capture to understand how elements evolve over time.

科学家研究核捕获以理解元素随时间的演变。

作文

In the field of nuclear physics, the term nuclear capture refers to a process where an atomic nucleus absorbs a neutron or another nucleus. This phenomenon is crucial in understanding how elements are formed in stars and how they behave in various nuclear reactions. To fully grasp the significance of nuclear capture in both astrophysics and nuclear engineering, one must explore its implications and applications. The process of nuclear capture can occur in several ways, but it typically involves the interaction between a nucleus and a neutron. When a neutron collides with a nucleus, it can be absorbed, leading to a new, heavier nucleus. This reaction is essential in the life cycle of stars, particularly during the nucleosynthesis phase, where lighter elements fuse to form heavier ones. For instance, in massive stars, the fusion of hydrogen into helium is followed by further nuclear capture processes that create heavier elements like carbon and oxygen. This stellar alchemy is fundamental to the formation of the elements we find on Earth and throughout the universe. Moreover, nuclear capture plays a significant role in nuclear reactors, where controlled fission reactions take place. In a nuclear reactor, when uranium-235 or plutonium-239 nuclei absorb neutrons, they undergo fission, releasing a tremendous amount of energy. This energy is harnessed to produce electricity. Understanding the principles of nuclear capture is vital for engineers and scientists working in the nuclear energy sector, as it allows them to optimize fuel use and improve reactor safety. In addition to its applications in energy production, nuclear capture is also important in the field of medicine, particularly in radiation therapy. Certain isotopes used in cancer treatment rely on the principles of nuclear capture to target and destroy malignant cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. This targeted approach is a testament to the power of nuclear capture in advancing medical technology and improving patient outcomes. Furthermore, the study of nuclear capture contributes to our understanding of nuclear reactions that occur in supernovae and neutron star collisions. These cataclysmic events are responsible for the creation of many heavy elements found in the universe. By studying the mechanisms behind nuclear capture, scientists can better understand the origins of elements and the processes that govern their formation. In conclusion, nuclear capture is a fundamental process in nuclear physics with far-reaching implications in various fields, including astrophysics, nuclear engineering, and medicine. Its significance extends beyond theoretical understanding; it has practical applications that impact our daily lives, from the energy we consume to the medical treatments we receive. As research continues to advance, the insights gained from studying nuclear capture will undoubtedly lead to further innovations and discoveries that enhance our understanding of the universe and improve human well-being.

在核物理领域，术语核俘获指的是原子核吸收中子或另一个核的过程。这一现象对于理解元素在恒星中是如何形成的以及它们在各种核反应中的行为至关重要。要全面掌握核俘获在天体物理学和核工程中的重要性，必须探讨其影响和应用。核俘获的过程可以通过几种方式发生，但通常涉及核与中子之间的相互作用。当中子与核碰撞时，它可以被吸收，从而导致一个新的、更重的核的形成。这种反应在恒星的生命周期中至关重要，特别是在核合成阶段，较轻的元素融合形成较重的元素。例如，在大质量恒星中，氢转变为氦的融合后，进一步的核俘获过程会创造碳和氧等更重的元素。这种恒星炼金术是我们在地球和整个宇宙中发现元素形成的基础。此外，核俘获在核反应堆中也发挥着重要作用，在那里进行受控的裂变反应。在核反应堆中，当铀-235或钚-239核吸收中子时，它们会经历裂变，释放出巨大的能量。这种能量被利用来生产电力。理解核俘获的原理对于在核能源领域工作的工程师和科学家至关重要，因为这使他们能够优化燃料使用并提高反应堆安全性。除了在能源生产中的应用，核俘获在医学领域，尤其是放射治疗中也很重要。某些用于癌症治疗的同位素依赖于核俘获的原理，以针对并摧毁恶性细胞，同时尽量减少对周围健康组织的损害。这种靶向方法证明了核俘获在推动医疗技术进步和改善患者结果方面的力量。此外，核俘获的研究有助于我们理解超新星和中子星碰撞中发生的核反应。这些灾难性的事件负责产生宇宙中许多重元素。通过研究核俘获背后的机制，科学家可以更好地理解元素的起源及其形成的过程。总之，核俘获是核物理学中的一个基本过程，具有深远的影响，涉及多个领域，包括天体物理学、核工程和医学。它的重要性超越了理论理解；它具有影响我们日常生活的实际应用，从我们消费的能源到我们接受的医疗治疗。随着研究的不断进展，研究核俘获所获得的见解无疑将导致进一步的创新和发现，增强我们对宇宙的理解，并改善人类福祉。