nuclear atom

简明释义

裸核

英英释义

例句

1.In chemistry classes, students learn about the nuclear atom and its components.

在化学课上，学生们学习关于核原子及其组成部分的知识。

2.The model of the nuclear atom was proposed by Ernest Rutherford.

核原子的模型是由厄尔尼斯特·卢瑟福提出的。

3.Understanding the nuclear atom is essential for studying radioactivity.

理解核原子对于研究放射性是至关重要的。

4.The concept of the nuclear atom has revolutionized our understanding of atomic structure.

核原子的概念彻底改变了我们对原子结构的理解。

5.The discovery of the nuclear atom led to advancements in nuclear physics.

对核原子的发现促进了核物理学的发展。

作文

The concept of the nuclear atom is central to our understanding of atomic structure and the fundamental principles of chemistry and physics. A nuclear atom refers to an atom that has a dense central nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, surrounded by a cloud of electrons that orbit this nucleus. This model was developed in the early 20th century, challenging the earlier plum pudding model proposed by J.J. Thomson. The discovery of the nuclear atom was largely attributed to Ernest Rutherford's gold foil experiment, which demonstrated that atoms are mostly empty space with a small, dense nucleus at their core.Understanding the nuclear atom helps us grasp how elements are organized in the periodic table. Each element is defined by the number of protons in its nucleus, known as the atomic number. For instance, hydrogen has one proton, while carbon has six. This atomic structure is crucial because it influences the chemical behavior of the element. The arrangement of electrons around the nucleus determines how an atom interacts with others, leading to the formation of molecules and compounds.The study of the nuclear atom also leads us into the realm of nuclear physics. The forces that hold the nucleus together, known as the strong nuclear force, are incredibly powerful but operate at very short distances. Understanding these forces is essential for explaining phenomena such as nuclear fission and fusion. Fission is the process where a heavy nucleus splits into smaller nuclei, releasing a significant amount of energy, while fusion involves light nuclei combining to form a heavier nucleus, which powers the sun and other stars.Moreover, the nuclear atom plays a critical role in modern technology. Nuclear energy, derived from the reactions involving nuclear atoms, provides a substantial portion of the world's electricity. While it offers a low-carbon alternative to fossil fuels, it also raises concerns about safety, waste disposal, and the potential for nuclear proliferation. Therefore, understanding the nuclear atom is not just an academic exercise; it has real-world implications that affect global energy policies and environmental considerations.In addition, the advancements in our understanding of the nuclear atom have led to numerous applications in medicine, particularly in the field of radiology. Techniques such as PET scans and radiation therapy rely on the properties of nuclear atoms to diagnose and treat diseases like cancer. By manipulating nuclear atoms and their emissions, healthcare professionals can target and destroy malignant cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.In conclusion, the nuclear atom is a fundamental concept that bridges various scientific disciplines. Its discovery reshaped our understanding of matter, leading to significant advancements in both theoretical and applied sciences. As we continue to explore the intricacies of nuclear atoms, we uncover more about the universe, the nature of energy, and the possibilities of technology. The implications of this knowledge extend beyond the laboratory, influencing everything from energy production to medical treatments, highlighting the profound impact that the nuclear atom has on our daily lives and the future of humanity.

“核原子”这一概念是我们理解原子结构以及化学和物理基本原理的核心。核原子指的是一种原子，其中心有一个密集的原子核，包含质子和中子，周围是一团环绕着这个原子核的电子云。这个模型是在20世纪初发展起来的，挑战了J.J.汤姆森提出的早期“梅子布丁模型”。核原子的发现主要归因于欧内斯特·卢瑟福的金箔实验，该实验表明原子大部分是空的，只有一个小而密集的原子核位于其中心。理解核原子有助于我们理解元素在周期表中的组织方式。每个元素由其原子核中的质子数定义，这被称为原子序数。例如，氢有一个质子，而碳有六个。这个原子结构至关重要，因为它影响元素的化学行为。围绕原子核的电子排列决定了原子如何与其他原子相互作用，从而形成分子和化合物。对核原子的研究也将我们引入核物理学领域。保持原子核结合在一起的力称为强核力，这种力非常强大，但只在非常短的距离内起作用。理解这些力量对于解释核裂变和聚变等现象至关重要。裂变是重核分裂成较小核的过程，释放出大量能量，而聚变则涉及轻核结合形成重核，后者为太阳和其他恒星提供能量。此外，核原子在现代技术中也发挥着关键作用。由涉及核原子的反应产生的核能为世界提供了相当一部分电力。虽然它为化石燃料提供了低碳替代方案，但它也引发了关于安全、废物处理和核扩散潜在风险的担忧。因此，理解核原子不仅仅是学术上的练习；它具有影响全球能源政策和环境考虑的现实意义。此外，我们对核原子的理解进步导致了众多医学应用，特别是在放射学领域。PET扫描和放射治疗等技术依赖于核原子的特性来诊断和治疗癌症等疾病。通过操控核原子及其放射性，医疗专业人员能够定位并摧毁恶性细胞，同时尽量减少对周围健康组织的损害。总之，核原子是一个基本概念，连接着各种科学学科。它的发现重塑了我们对物质的理解，导致理论和应用科学的重大进展。随着我们继续探索核原子的复杂性，我们揭示了更多关于宇宙、能量本质和技术可能性的知识。这些知识的影响超越了实验室，影响从能源生产到医疗治疗的一切，突显了核原子对我们日常生活和人类未来的深远影响。